The Hajj, a mass-gathering of over 3.5-million pilgrims, faces challenges to global health-security, housing, food, water, transportation, communication, sanitation, crowd-control and security. The Indian Medical Mission extended health-security to approximately 140,000 pilgrims, through outreach medical teams, primary-care clinics, tent-clinics, secondary-care hospitals and evacuation capabilities. Data on medical attendance, bed-occupancy, investigations, referrals, medication usage and deaths was compared. Outpatient attendance was 374,475 in static-clinics, 5135 in tent-clinics and 13,473 through task-forces. 585 (62.90%) in-patients were hospitalized amongst 930 secondary-care referrals. Secondary-care bed-days were 2106 with average bed-occupancy being 77.78%. 495 patients were institutionalized in tertiary-care Saudi-Arabian hospitals. Infectious diseases were most commonly (53.26%) encountered due to overwhelming respiratory-infections, followed by trauma (24.40%). Analgesics (66.38/100 patients) and antibacterials (48.34/100 patients) were frequently prescribed. Crude mortality amongst Indian pilgrims was 11.99/10,000. Risk-factors associated with high morbidity were old-age and pre-existing comorbidities. Overwhelming surge of patients facilitates transmission of communicable infections and leads to stress induced physical, mental and compassion fatigue amongst healthcare personnel. Respiratory infections are highly prevalent and easily transmissible during Hajj leading to significant morbidity, increased burden to existing health facilities, overwhelming costs on health systems and globalization of multiresistant pathogens. Diabetic patients should avoid heat exposure and use protective footwear during Hajj rituals. Mass-gathering medicine at Hajj can be optimized by improving patient knowledge on performing Hajj at a younger age, medicine compliance, avoiding self-medication, self-monitoring of hypertension, blood glucose, and preventive health measures; screening of pre-existing comorbidities; and resource augmentation with telemedicine networks and decision-support systems.

The need for Shallot at the community level continues to increase every year in line with the increase in population. Shallots are used as cooking spices and used in the herbal medicine industry. Minahasa Regency is one of the centers of shallot development in North Sulawesi, where production at the farm level is still below the average of 7-8 t/ha. For this reason, a breakthrough in cultivation technology innovation is needed to increase yields. This writing aims to provide information on technological innovation support in the effort to develop local superior shallots in North Sulawesi and to see the results of farming from the application of the technology. The data obtained from the results of interviews and research results both conducted by the North Sulawesi AIAT Assessment Team and other research results. The support of technological innovation in efforts to develop shallots is the application of onion PTT Innovations: land management, preparation of plant spacing, use of certified seeds, planting and fertilizing, watering and controlling weeds, controlling plant pests, harvesting and post-harvesting. The conclusions obtained by the application of PTT shallots, which were examined by BPTP North Sulawesi using local varieties Lansuna. The B / C ratio is 4.23 by giving an income of Rp. 273,058,000 compared to the way of farmers where B / C ratio = 2.23 with income of Rp. 138,233,000 / hectare

Bacterial grain rot caused by bacteria Burkholderia Glumae (BG), is a new disease found in South Sulawesi. Maros area as one of rice production centers began to be detected by BG attack in 2015 from the results of monitoring BBKP Makassar, but there are no further studies on the epidemiology of the disease in cropping. BBB disease can easily infect through the seeds. The spread of seedlings without the seed health test and the inclusion of the hybrid import seeds also spur the spread and malignancy of BBB disease in the field. Extreme weather changes are one of the factors that cause an explosion of the disease in various countries so that it can cause a loss of results ranged from 40-70%. This research aims to determine the agroclimatic relationship to the intensity of BBB disease. Based on the observation of the agroclimatic and the intensity of the BBB disease in Maros Regency for two planting seasons (IP 300-Rendan) shows that the dominant disease attack occurs during the rainy season (November-March) in the planting season of IP 300 and With air temperature ranging from 320 C and humidity 67%. The disease intensity of some varied varieties ranges from 17.5-73%