Purpose To study the effect of Crocus sativus (CS) stigmas (saffron) extract on sodium selenite induced cataract formation in vivo. Methods Twenty‐four Wistar rat pups were randomized into 3 groups (n=8/group). Control group received subcutaneous injection of normal saline on postnatal day 10. Selenite and CS treated group received a subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (20 µmol/kg body weight) on postnatal day 10. CS group also received intraperitoneal injections of CS extract (60 mg/kg body weight) on postnatal days 11 and 12. On postpartum day 21, rats were sacrificed and the lenses were isolated and examined for cataract formation. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) in the isolated lenses were measured. SDS‐PAGE of lens water soluble protein fraction (WSF) was done. Results Selenite resulted in significant cataract formation compared to control group, p<0.001. In the CS group, cataract formation was significantly prevented compared to selenite group, p< 0.0001. The mean activities of SOD and CAT were significantly increased in the CS group compared to the selenite group (p=0.025 and 0.0009 respectively). The GSSG/GSH ratio was significantly decreased in the CS group compared to selenite group (p=0.001). CS prevented selenite induced proteolysis of the lens WSF. Conclusion CS extracts prevented selenite induced cataract formation in Wistar rats possibly by enhancement of antioxidant status and inhibition of proteolysis of the lens WSF.

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Prophylactic mastectomies are more and more frequent. As a result, breast reconstruction is also more frequent and mammary lipofilling often used to improve the aesthetic results. Contradictory cliniacal data have been published concerning the risk of breast cancer after using this technique. It is possible that Adipose-Derived Stem / Stromal Cells (ADSC or ASC), present in the lipofilling may interact with normal or tumoral epithelial mammary cells. In this context, we studied the effect of conditioned media of human ASC on different tumor breast lines (MCF7, T47D, ZR75-1, SKBR3, SUM159). The ASCs were extracted from non-cancer patients with identical body mass index (BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutated or wild-type). We observed that the conditioned media of ASC induced the proliferation of luminal, Her2 and basal-like tumor breast lines. This proliferative effect is more important when ASCs are differentiated and the BRCA mutation status has no impact on it. Finally, we have demonstrated an estrogen signaling within the ASCs which is set up during their differentiation. Differentiated ASCs express ERα and produce 17β-estradiol (E2). This estrogenic pathway seems to be established independently of the BRCA mutational status. The proliferative effect on luminal mammary lines induced by conditioned media of ASC could pass through this estrogenic signaling, but remains to be confirmed. These data highlight the fact that adipose-derived stem cells in mammary lipofilling should only be used after a cancer has been eliminated, as there are still some uncertainties concerning their implication on carcinogenesis. Citation Format: Benderra M-A, Zaoui M, Atlan M, Ferrand N, Denis JA, Leban M, Lamari F, Larsen AK, Sabbah M, Gligorov J. Interactions between adipocyte stem cells and normal or tumoral mammary epithelial cells. Potantial role of BRCA status and estrogen pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-05.