Durch Tränken von Filtrierpapier mit einer Phase eines geeigneten zweiphasigen Lösungsmittelgemisches, während die andere Phase zum Entwickeln des Glykosidgemisches verwendet wird, läßt sich eine ausgezeichnete Trennung von Herzgiften unter kreisförmiger Lokalisierung auf dem Papier erreichen. Dieses Verfahren wird als “echte Verteilungschromatographie an Papier” bezeichnet. Es lassen sich so Mengen bis 300 μg trennen und nachher in den Flecken quantitativ bestimmen. Es werden die bekannten colorimetrischen Bestimmungsmethoden hinsichtlich ihrer Empfindlichkeit verglichen und diejenige mit Xanthydrol als besonders geeignet befunden.
A computer model was developed which makes it possible to predict the effects of several cigarette properties on the different degrees of ventilation (total degree of ventilation, degree of ventilation of the tobacco rod, degree of ventilation of the filter) and on the pressure drop. A special advantage of this model is its ability to predict the degree of ventilation from the properties of the materials (e.g. of filter, paper, tobacco) instead of from the properties of the manufactured cigarette. Thus it is no longer necessary to manufacture an experimental cigarette each time. Another advantage results from the fact that the fluctuations of the degree of ventilation can be attributed directly to the factors responsible. Each contribution of the individual factors responsible can be determined separately, which is normally not possible by means of experiments. Thus this model is not only a component of a computer-aided product design, but is also a useful tool for quality control. Some examples are presented which are typical of the effects of various properties of the materials on the ventilation. It becomes obvious that a low level of fluctuations of the filter ventilation does not only imply constant properties of the applied materials (such as tipping paper) but also a uniform primary process.
Eingegangen am 22. Oktober 1984Es wurden die P-D-Glucopyranoside der Monoterpenalkohole (S)-( -)-P-Citronellol (l), (S)cis-Verbenol (5), (3R)-( -)-Linalool (S), Dihydromyrcenol (11), Terpinen-4-01 (14), der Norcarotinoide P-Ionol (17), u-Ionol (22) und des Sesquiterpenalkohols ( +)-Cedrol (27) sowie der Diterpenalkohole Sclareol (33) und cis-Abienol (40) synthetisiert. Ein u-D-Glucopyranosid war vom Cembradiol (43) erhaltlich. Bei allen Glycosidsynthesen wurden Pyranosylbromide als Glycosyldonatoren eingesetzt. Als Katalysator wurde in der Mehrzahl der Glycosylierungsreaktionen reaktives Silbersilicat verwendet.
Synthesis of Glycosides of Mono-, Sesqui-, and Diterpene AlcoholsThe P-D-ghcopyranosides of the monoterpene alcohols (S)-( -)-P-citronellol (l), @)-cisverbenol (5), (3R)-( -)-linalool (S), dihydromyrcenol (ll), terpinen-4-01 (14), of the norkarotinoides p-ionol(17), u-ionol(22), and of the sesquiterpene alcohol (+)-cedrol(27) as well as of the diterpene alcohols sclareol (33) and cis-abienol (40) have been synthesized. An a-D-glucopyranoside was obtainable from cembradiol(43). For all glycoside syntheses pyra-nosy1 bromides have been applied as glycosyl donors. Most of the glycosylation reactions have been accomplished with silver silicate as catalyst.Das Interesse an Glycosiden von Terpenalkoholen hat in den letzten Jahren erheblich zugenommen, da neue Terpenglycoside aus verschiedenen Pflanzen isoliert wurden. AuBer den Monoterpenglycosiden in Rosenpetaled', in Thymus
The suitability of electric measuring methods making use of transducers has been tested for the smoking parameters puff duration, draw resistance, puff profile and puff volume. The procedures proved to be accurate, reproducible and technically simple and are, in our opinion, appropriate for calibrating smoking machines and for controlling the said parameters during the smoking process.
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