Summary. Fractures in the region of the shaft and joint of the long bones, pseudo-arthroses, chronic osteomyelitis and certain bone tumours are indications for the transplantation of autologous spongy bone tissue. The effectiveness of autologous spongy bone grafts, due to the rapid healing and structural transformation obtained, makes them one of the best materials available for repairing bone defects. It is immaterial whether the bone defect is due to mechanical or inflammatory factors or whether it is the result of a tumour.It is essential, however, that any break in the bone is temporarily immobilised by osteosynthesis and that the host tissue is capable of regeneration.The satisfactory healing into position and functional performance of autologous grafts of spongy bone tissue is demonstrated in a case of an extensive defect at the distal end of the tibia caused by a fracture, in another case of a multiple fracture of the femur, in two cases of osteomyelitis of the tibia with extensive loss of tissue and in a case of a giant-cell tumour of the neck of the femur.Zusammen/assuug. Frakturen im Schaft-und Gelenkbereich groSer R5hren-knochen, die Pseudarthrosen, die chronische Osteomyelitis und bestimmte Knochentumoren gelten als Indikation fiir die autologe Spongiosaplastik.In der Leistungsf~higkeit liegt die autologe Spongiosa auf Grund ihrer raschen Einheilung und ihres Strukturumbaues in der Behandlung knScherner Defekte an erster Stelle. Dabei ist es gleichgiiltig ob dieser mechanisch, entziindlich oder durch Tumorwachstum entstanden ist.Voraussetzung ist allerdings, dab die Kontinuit~tstrennung tempor~r durch stabile Osteosyntheseverfahren neutralisiert wird und das Lagergewebe ersatzkr~ftig ist.An_hand einer ausgedehnten Defektfraktur am distalen Tibiaende, an einem Mehrfragmentenbruch des Femur, an 2 F~llen einer Osteomyelitis der Tibia mit groBem Substanzverlust und an einer Riesenzellgeschwulst des Schenkelhalses wird der funktionsgerechte Einbau der autologen Spongiosa demonstriert.
Stability Problems in the Surgical Treatment of FracturesSummary. The development of modern osteosynthesis procedures frequently allows to dispense with the Plaster of Paris immobilization of broken limbs. An essential requirement for the success of a reconstructive operation on the bone is, however, that the surgeon must have a complete knowledge of the skin condition and the fracture before the operation to make an adequate indication for operation. One of the most important prerequisites in the surgical treatment of fractures is stability on exercise. Stability on exercise can only be achieved if one observes the basic rules for osteosynthesis by nail or metal plate, and also supervises carefully the post-operative therapy.Zusammen/assung. Durch die Entwicklung der modernen Osteosyntheseverfahren kann heutzutage h~ufig auf eine Gipsbehandlung bei gebrochenen Extremit/iten verzichtet werden. Die Voraussetzung ffir eine wiederherstellende Operation am Knoehen ist jedoch, dab sieh der Operateur vor der Operation Klarheit fiber die Hautverh~ltnisse sowie fiber die :Fraktur verschafft, um eine entsprechende Indikation zur Operation zu stellen. Eine der wichtigsten Voraussetzungen zur Heilung bei der operativen Versorgung der Frakturen ist die ]~bungsstabilit&t. Eine t~bungsstabilit~t kann nur erreicht werden, wenn man die Grundregeln bei der Marknagel-oder Plattenosteosynthese beachtet und die postoperative Behandlung streng fiberwacht. 21. Pseudarthrose nach 0steosynthesen H. v. ELMrNDORFF-Dfisseldorf Pseudarthrosis after OsteosynthesisSummary. 376 pseudarthroses were observed in 3200 osteosyntheses in the past 20 years, including 287 femoral neck pseudarthroses. Pseudarthrosis developed in 42 out of 167 Rush pin fixations, in 35 out of 450 Kiintscher pinnings and in 7 out of 295 pressure plate osteosyntheses. The main cause was insufficient stability of the osteosynthesis. There were 15 cases of plate fractures with pseudarthrosis. In the treatment of pseudarthrosis the fracture should be stabilised in any event if insufficient stability was the cause. In cases of infection the metals were removed and osteosynthesis repeated when the infection had subsided. In 3 cases load was applied too soon. In 4 cases the pseudarthrosis was due to biological fractures.Zusammen/assung. In den vergangenen 20 Jahren wurden unter 3200 Osteosynthesen 376 Pseudarthrosen beobachtet (davon 287 Schenkelhalspseudarthrosen). 42 yon 167 Rushpin-Fixationen, 35 yon 450 Kiintscher-lNagelungen und 7 yon 295 Druckplatten-Osteosynthesen heilten pseudarthrotisch. Hauptursaehe war die mangelnde Stabilit~t der Osteosynthese. In 15 F~llen Plattenbrfiche mit Pseudarthrose.
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