As an aid to studying the efficiency of grip force scaling in the context of collisions, we present a simple cost-effective approach to estimating the slip ratio--that is, the minimum grip-to-load-force ratio needed to prevent object slippage. The grip apparatus comprises a sturdy load cell to measure grip force and two linear potentiometers to provide detailed description of finger movements. The slip ratio was estimated by plotting the magnitude of finger movement against the grip-to-load-force ratio at the time of impact. The slip ratio was dependent on the direction of loading, which stresses the importance of estimating slip ratios in a context similar to that of the experiment in which the efficiency of subjects' behavior is to be assessed.

Abstract. Aiming at the long-running time and the defogging image darkening problem in the dark channel prior algorithm, a fast deaeration algorithm based on the guided filter and improved two-dimensional gamma function for dark channel prior image is proposed. The algorithm uses the guided filter instead of the soft matting to obtain the image transmittance. The summation operation in the window replaces the quadrature operation in the window to reduce the complexity of the algorithm, and the image is processed by the two-dimensional gamma function. The brightness is adjusted to increase the brightness of the dark areas of the image, improve the contrast of the image, and enhance the image's performance in detail. The experimental results show that compared with the dark channel prior defogging algorithm and other image dehazing algorithms, the image fast dehazing algorithm based on dark channel prior improvement has high effective detail intensity, image information entropy and average gradient. The running time of the dark channel prior defogging algorithm is reduced, which effectively solves the long running time and the defogging image darkness problem of the dark channel prior defogging algorithm and has good robustness, and improves the quality and display effects of defogging image.