No abstract

Work design refers to the study, creation, and modification of the composition, content, structure of tasks and roles and the environment in which they are performed. A measure with evidence of validity is necessary to understand the impact of work design on people and organizations. To obtain such evidence in the Brazilian context, we conducted two studies to adapt an instrument developed in a different cultural context. Study 1 performed an exploratory factor analysis assessing the latent structure of the Work Design Questionnaire (N = 1,017). Study 2 confirmed the fit of the structure found (N = 1,224) and the robustness of the taxonomy investigated. The structure identified in the analysis corroborated one of the originally proposed models, including 18 subcategories and 71 items presenting adequate psychometric indexes. Adaptação do Questionário de Desenho do Trabalho para o Brasil Resumo O desenho do trabalho diz respeito ao estudo, à criação e à modificação da composição, do conteúdo, da estrutura e do ambiente no qual tarefas e papéis são desempenhados. Entender o impacto do desenho do trabalho sobre as pessoas e organizações depende da existência de medida com evidências de validade. Para obter tais evidências no contexto brasileiro, conduzimos dois estudos, visando adaptar um instrumento advindo de outros contextos culturais. O Estudo 1 realizou uma análise fatorial exploratória da estrutura do Work Design Questionnaire (N = 1.017), enquanto o Estudo 2 confirmou o ajuste da estrutura encontrada (N = 1.224) e a robustez da taxonomia investigada. De modo geral, a estrutura corroborou um dos modelos originalmente propostos, com uma solução composta por 18 subcategorias e 71 itens, que apresentou índices psicométricos adequados. Adaptación del Cuestionario de Diseño del Trabajo para Brasil Resumen El diseño del trabajo se refiere al estudio, creación y modificación de la composición, contenido, estructura y ambiente en el que se desempeñan tareas y roles. Entender el impacto del diseño del trabajo sobre las personas y organizaciones, depende de la existencia de medidas con evidencias de validez. Para obtener estas evidencias en el contexto brasileño, realizamos dos estudios, con el fin de adaptar el instrumento proveniente de otros contextos culturales. El Estudio 1 realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio de la estructura del Work Design Questionnaire (N = 1.017). El Estudio 2 confirmó el ajuste de la estructura encontrada (N = 1.224) y la robustez de la taxonomía investigada. En general, la estructura corroboró uno de los modelos originalmente propuestos, con una solución compuesta por 18 subcategorías y 71 ítems, que presento índices psicométricos adecuados.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the economic market and labor contexts worldwide. Brazil has suffered one of the worst social and governmental managements of the COVID-19 crisis, forcing workers and organizations to develop coping strategies. This environment can affect both well-being and performance at work. Sustainable well-being at work refers to different patterns of relationships between performance and well-being. It may include eudaimonic (e.g., Meaning of Work—MOW) or hedonic (e.g., emotions) forms of well-being. This study tests the moderating role of recovery from work stress in the relationship between flexibility i-deals and patterns of sustainable well-being at work in Brazilian teleworkers. We relied on two studies to achieve this objective. In Study 1, conducted during the pandemic’s first outbreak in Brazil (N = 386), recovery experiences moderated the relationship between i-deals and clusters formed by performance and MOW (eudaimonic happiness). In Study 2, conducted during the second outbreak (N = 281), we identified relationships between clusters of emotions (hedonic happiness) and MOW (eudaimonic) with performance. The results supported the idea that recovery experiences moderated the relationship between i-deals and patterns of sustainable well-being at work differently. Our findings have implications for Human Resource Management and teleworkers, especially for employee behaviors to deal with stress.

Uma das grandes preocupações dos gestores é manter bons níveis de desempenho no trabalho, de forma a garantir bons diferenciais para as organizações. As características contextuais e individuais aparecem como variáveis importantes que auxiliam as organizações a manter esses diferenciais e, com isso, patamares elevados de competitividade. Esta pesquisa se propõe a analisar a relação entre duas variáveis, identificando pontos comuns entre os construtos e a relação com o desempenho medido por meio de autoavaliações. Para a coleta dos dados foram utilizadas três escalas: a Escala de Autoavaliação de Desempenho no Trabalho (EGDT), a Escala de Clima Organizacional (ECO) e a Escala de Satisfação no Trabalho (EST). Participaram da pesquisa 152 funcionários de duas organizações, sendo a maioria homens (57%), com média de idade de 35 anos e com predominância do nível de escolaridade ensino médio completo (28%). As análises de correlação apontaram que os fatores comuns observados nas medidas de satisfação e clima organizacional não apresentam multicolinearidade (maior magnitude observada foi de r = 0,78; p < 0,01). Além disso, nas análises de regressão, os fatores Recompensa, Natureza do trabalho e Controle/pressão contribuíram individualmente para a explicação das duas autoavaliações (p < 0,05). Em pesquisas futuras, sugere-se aprofundar o diagnóstico do contexto organizacional por meio de entrevistas e observações, e complementar as avaliações com indicadores organizacionais de desempenho. Palavras-chave: Desempenho individual; satisfação no trabalho; clima organizacional.One of managers' major concerns is related to maintaining good performance levels at work, to ensure differential advantage to their organizations. Contextual and individual characteristics are perceived as important variables that help organizations maintain their distinctiveness and, consequently, high levels of competitiveness. The current research aims to analyze the relationship between these two variables, identifying commonalities between the constructs and the relationship with performance measured through self-assessments. Three scales were used for data collection: the Self-Assessment of Performance at Work Scale, the Organizational Climate Scale, and the Job Satisfaction Scale. Taking part in this research were 152 employees from two organizations, mostly men (57%), with an average age of 35 years, and predominantly with a high school degree (28%). Correlation analysis showed that common factors observed in measures of satisfaction and organizational climate show no multicollinearity (largest observed magnitude was r = 0,78; p < 0,01). Additionally, regression analyses suggested that the dimensions Reward, Nature of the Work, and Control/Pressure individually explained the participants' two self-assessments (p < 0,05). Future research could more fully explore the diagnosis of the organizational context through interviews and observations, and additional evaluations of organizational performance indicators.

Purpose: Test job fulfillment as a mediator of the relationship between work design and presenteeism in teachers. Originality/value: Presenteeism is one of the reasons for teachers to underperform in the classroom. Many models explain organizational results, among which the Job Characteristics Model. That model, however, has not yet been tested with presenteeism, and, as it proposes, it will be predicted by work design mediated by positive work-related attitudes (i.e., eudaimonic well-being). Design/methodology/approach: A total of 2,282 public school teachers participated in the study, of which 71.1% were women. They completed the scale of job fulfillment, the Stanford Presenteeism Scale, and the full work design taxonomy in the Brazilian version. Direct and mediated relationships were tested, and the Job Characteristics Model was partially confirmed. Findings: For not completing work, mediation is confirmed only to the task identity subcategory of work design. Here, direct relationships with scheduling autonomy and social support were observed. For avoiding distraction, mediation occurred only for social support, and comfort at work. The subcategories decision-making autonomy, physical demands, and job complexity are directly related. We discuss the mediating role of critical psychological states and other positive triggers that could mediate the relationship between work design and organizational outcomes, such as emotions.