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ABSTRACT. We evaluated genetic variability of mango (Mangifera indica) accessions maintained in the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Meio-Norte in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, using RAPDs. Among these accessions, 35 originated from plantings in Brazil, six from the USA and one from India. Genomic DNA, extracted from leaf material using a commercial purification kit, was subjected to PCR with the primers A01, A09, G03, G10, N05, and M16. Fifty-five polymorphic loci were identified, with mean of 9.16 ± 3.31 bands per primer and 100% polymorphism. Application of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average cluster analysis demonstrated five genotypic groups among the accessions examined. The genotypes Rosa 41, Rosa 48 and Rosa 49 were highly similar (94% similarity), whereas genotypes Sensation and Rosa 18 were the most divergent (only 7% similarity). The mango accessions were found to have considerable genetic variability, RAPD analysis of the genetic diversity of mango germplasm demonstrating the importance of analyzing each genotype in a collection in order to efficiently maintain the germplasm collection.

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Análise Comparada do Padrão Morfológico, Estrutural e Morfométrico das Glândulas Hipofaríngeasde Polistes versicolor (Olivier) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)RESUMO -O presente estudo descreve, por meio de técnicas de histologia e ultramorfologia, os padrões morfológico e estrutural das glândulas hipofaríngeas de Polistes versicolor (Olivier), comparando-os aos de outros grupos de Hymenoptera. Além disso, analisa a presença de variações intraespecíficas dessas glândulas por meio de análises morfométricas das células secretoras de vespas em diferentes idades. Na espécie estudada foi constatada a presença de glândulas com características primitivas, possuindo células secretoras que desembocam individualmente na placa hipofaríngea. O padrão morfológico encontrado nas glândulas hipofaríngeas foi basicamente o mesmo para todas as vespas estudadas, entretanto o comprimento das células glandulares apresentou variações significativas entre indivíduos. Aparentemente essas variações não estão relacionadas com a idade.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Vespa, sistema salivar, evolução, morfologia, morfometria ABSTRACT -Using ultramorphological and histochemical techniques, this study describes the structural and morphological patterns of Polistes versicolor (Olivier) hypopharyngeal glands, comparing them with patterns of other Hymenopteran groups. Besides, the presence of intra-specific variation was evidenced by morphometric analysis of the secretory cells in wasps with different ages. The studied species presented glands with primitive characteristics, with secretory cells discharging individually in the hypopharyngeal plate. The morphological pattern found in hypopharyngeal glands was basically the same for all studied wasps, however, the length of glandular cells showed significant variations between individuals. Apparently these variations are not related with age.KEY WORDS: Wasp, salivary system, evolution, morphology, morphometryThe Hymenoptera possess a series of glands connected to the bucal cavity, which together constitute the salivary system, formed by the thoracic salivary glands, the mandible and the hypopharyngeal glands (Bordas 1895). Some of these glands show as simple epidermic modified cells, whereas others present more complex morphology (Cruz-Landim 1967). The hypopharyngeal glands may present morphological patterns that vary from differentiated epidermic cells to well defined organs (Cruz-Landim & Costa 1998).Most of the studies on hypopharyngeal glands were carried out with Apis (Cruz-Landim 1967, Crailsheim & Stolberg 1989, Knecht & Kaatz 1990) and some meliponine (Cruz-Landim 1967, Cruz-Landim et al. 1987, whose gland morphology and performance are very well studied. In these insects, the hypopharyngeal glands are more developed in the workers caste, mainly while they are taking care of the brood. During this phase, they are named nurses and they offer the gland secretion as food to all individuals (Szoldertz & Crailsheim 1993). After the nurse phase, the workers begin to forage and their hypopharyngeal glands stop producing...

Some species of Anacardium (Anacardiaceae) produce fruits and pseudofruits that are smaller than those of the common cashew (Anacardium occidentale) and, for this reason, are known collectively in Brazil as "cajuí". Despite their economic value in the food market and their important environmental and ecological functions, cajuí trees remain underexploited. We employed nine inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers to characterize two presupposed populations of cajuí comprising 25 accessions maintained in the germplasm bank of Embrapa Meio-Norte (Teresina, PI, Brazil). Population structure and relationships between accessions were determined in order to generate knowledge that could contribute to genetic improvement programs and better management of this germplasm bank. A high degree of polymorphism (91.3%) was observed among the accessions. Analysis of molecular variance and Bayesian analysis demonstrated that the two presupposed populations were not genetically differentiated but constituted a single population containing highly diversified individuals including migrants, ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 17 (4): gmr18212 A.N.C. Borges et al. 2 migrant descendants and possible hybrids. Nonetheless, genetic variability within the accessions could be organized into two distinct, but linked, groups that had undergone extensive exchange of genetic material, as verified by the high gene flow index (= 13.145). The substantial genetic variability observed could be attributed to individual differences between accessions rather than to differential spatial distribution. This report enhances our knowledge of the genus Anacardium and should facilitate the future improvement of cajuí culture and fruit quality. In addition, our study highlights the importance of further taxonomic studies on the species of Anacardium that comprise cajuí.