The main purpose of the present article is to highlight the major factors affecting Moroccan students' outcomes in the second year of college (8th grade) and the sixth year of primary school (6th grade) using the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) (2011) databases compiled by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). The use of a multilevel approach is appropriate in our case study because it enables us to deal with the hierarchical structure of the data at two levels. The two levels in our case study are the student level and the school level. The method of Multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE) was applied to impute missing values contained in the student background, home, and school data files, and the endogeneity problem that results from the use of multilevel modeling was solved using the Hausman-Taylor instrumental variables estimator. The results show that Moroccan students' outcomes are impacted by individual as well as contextual characteristics. More precisely, the index "school emphasis on academic success," which is related to information about the student, parents, teachers, curricula, and educational goals, seems to play a key role in explaining Moroccan students' academic performance.
Keywords: student's outcomes, TIMSS, PIRLS, multilevel modelingCite This Article: Mariem Liouaeddine, Mohammed Bijou, and Faîrouz Naji, "The Main Determinants of Moroccan Students' Outcomes
Nombreuses sont les recherches mettant en évidence le rôle prépondérant des technological gatekeepers (TG) dans la collecte et l’intégration des connaissances externes à des fins d’innovation. Toutefois, à notre connaissance, aucune n’examine de façon précise le rôle qu’ils pourraient jouer dans la conciliation des innovations d’exploitation et d’exploration. Pour faire face à cette lacune, nous nous appuyons sur une étude de cas portant sur une entreprise innovante afin d’appréhender l’importance des rôles assumés par cet agent relationnel de l’innovation, et la façon dont ils peuvent se décliner dans l’articulation de ces deux logiques d’innovation. Il s’agit donc d’identifier le rôle du TG dans la combinaison de ces dernières et de mieux comprendre les mécanismes en jeu pour atteindre l’ambidextrie organisationnelle. Notre recherche montre que cet acteur occupe une place centrale contribuant à fluidifier la circulation des connaissances entre les unités d’exploration et d’exploitation afin de mieux les articuler. Codes JEL : O31, O32
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.