Abstract:This paper reviews smart fish farming systems that demonstrate how complex science and technology can be made easy for application in seafood production systems. In this context, the focus of this paper is on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in fish culture. AI mimics some of the capabilities of human brain via its Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in performing certain tasks in a fish hatchery that are crucial for aquaculture systems. Water quality is of utmost importance for survival, growth and all other living activities of captive stocks of fish. The AI-based systems can be designed for controlling the main parameters of water quality such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature. This systems approach uses software application that runs on an application server connected to multi-parameter water quality meters such as those offered by YSI. The software captures these parameter values from YSI device and checks if they are within the optimum range. If not, then an alarm system is triggered for immediate remedial action that can be executed by personnel handling the hatchery management roles. This improves accuracy, saves cost and action time to ensure sustainability life-supporting system in the hatchery. Despite complexity in evolving this system, the application is simple enough to be operated by an organized fish farming community. Because this study introduces a rather new approach to aquaculture management, presentation of a detailed background scenario was deemed necessary to put the pertinent issues in the right perspective.

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India has experienced tremendous production, use, and discarding of plastic waste. The municipal and solid wastes proliferation of municipal waste, especially plastic waste, paved the way for the regulatory framework to implement the plastic ban in 18 states and Union Territories of India. In contrast, they have implemented a partial ban on plastic bags respectively. It addressed the phasing out of multi-layered plastics (MLP) and incorporated Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) within the circular economy of plastic waste generation and recycling. It is generally believed that the plastic ban in India has feeble administrative support and effective implementation. Therefore, the government has passed the Draft Plastic Rules, 2009; Plastic Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011; Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016 and Draft Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2021. It made vital changes in recycled plastic manufacture and usage at national and state levels. Since the net outcome of the failure is environmental degradation beyond reparable limits, the most vociferous articulation of the banning of the single-use came through the Notification on Plastic and Thermocol Products, 2018 by the Government of Maharashtra. Although the new legal framework carried high deterrent value, the implementation has been heavily flawed. The paper deals with the plastic laws and performance in the context of EPR in Pune city of India. It suggests viable recommendations and strategies from a multi-stakeholder perspective.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to share the experience of Centre for Management Studies, NALSAR University of Law in developing the new MBA programme in Court Administration and Management. Design/methodology/approach This paper describes the urgent need of skilled managers for court management and administration in an Indian context. The identification of the gap in skilled manpower and the availability of a structured learning platform at a master’s level is also discussed in the paper. In addition, the detailed process that the university adopted in developing the programme objectives, structure and curriculum is also explained. Findings Educational innovations are rare. This programme is one-of-its-kind in India. NALSAR University of Law introduced this programme after a rigorous screening and evaluation process. This paper highlights the importance of proper planning and execution in introducing innovative programmes. The paper also highlights the acceptance that the programme received from all stakeholders due to its relevance and diligent planning. Practical implications This paper makes an attempt to provide the detailed workflow that any university should undertake prior to launching any programme. The importance of identifying relevant stakeholders, the process of developing a programme, curating and conducting the process for best outcomes, with an emphasis on the contribution that a university can make is discussed in detail. Originality/value MBA in Court Administration and Management offered by NALSAR University of Law is unique as similar programmes are not offered by any other university in India. Thus, this paper is a novel contribution in highlighting the development and launch of the programme in Asia.