Background: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness the metacognition treatment (MCT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on anxiety, depression, and stress in the females with breast cancer. Methods: The planning of this study is through a quasi-experimental method of pretest and posttest type with control group. The target society of the research included every cancer patient who admitted to Tehran hospitals for breast cancer. Through assigned randomly, 12 patients were selected for the MCT group and 12 patients for the MBCT group, and the other were assigned control group. The data collection tools included depression, anxiety and stress scale - 21 items (DASS-21) questionnaire. For statistical analysis, descriptive tests and repeated measures analysis of variance were performed. Results: Data analysis with repeated multivariate measurements illustrated that there is a significant difference in the rate of depression, anxiety and stress, in three groups. Conclusion: According to our results, MBCT was more effective compared to metacognitive therapy.

Objectives:The current study aimed at investigating the effect of neurofeedback (NF) therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on reduction of anxiety symptoms in females with social anxiety disorders. Methods: The current pseudo-experimental study with pretest-posttest design and a control group was conducted on a population of patients with social anxiety disorder referring to a psychology clinic in Kurdistan Province, Iran. The sample size comprised of 30 females selected by random sampling method and assigned to groups of NF and CBT. Data elicited from the Libowitz social anxiety questionnaire to detect the subjects with social anxiety and the Millon clinical multiaxial inventory (MCMI III) in order to exclude subjects with personality disorder. Data were analyzed with SPSS. Covariance analysis test and dependent t test were performed on CBT and NF groups. Results: The current study findings showed that both CBT and NF groups were impressive in reducing the level of social anxiety in the study subjects. Also, based on the results of the current study the therapy methods had no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: Both treatments were significantly effective, and therefore both NF and CBT can be applied as choice therapies to treat social anxiety.

Current research has shown that neurofeedback (NF) is a viable treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), however having pharmacological approach alongside such stimulants is still inevitable. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the comparison of neurofeedback with Ritalin and without Ritalin in treating children with ADHD. This study was causal-comparative in design. Participants were children aged 5-10 years with ADHD; seven participants were in neurofeedback group with Ritalin and seven in neurofeedback without Ritalin group according to random split and parent's conformation. Clinical Q, Conner's continuous performance test (CPT), and WISC-R were used before and after treatment. For analyzing data, we used descriptive statistical and Mann Whitney U tests. Results showed that even if the two groups were modified in all components, modifications of commission and reaction time of the CPT and F4 theta/alpha of the clinical Q were more accurate in NF with Ritalin treatment rather than the other group. These findings suggest that neurofeedback is efficient in improving some of the behavioral concomitants of ADHD in children whose parents favored non-pharmacological treatment, but Ritalin and neurofeedback combination is more efficient. So, multimodal approach is strongly recommended for ADHD treatment.

Background: Social anxiety is a clinical pattern of self-protection social behaviors that coincides with severe anxiety regarding negative reactions such as critique, being ridiculed, miss-communication, or miss-behaviors against others. Objectives: This research investigated the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the reduction of anxiety symptoms in females with social anxiety disorder. Methods: The planning of this study was through a semi-experimental method of pretest and posttest type with two groups. The research population included the students of Sanandaj Payam-e-Noor University suffering from social anxiety disorder. The sample size was 40 women chosen by random sampling method and assigned to two groups of mindfulness-based stress reduction and cognitive behavioral therapy. The subjects participated were the students of Payam-e-Noor University of Kurdistan in the academic year 2013 -2014. Data were collected by Liebowitz social anxiety scale (LSAS) and Minnesota multi-phasic personality inventory (MMPI). Data were analyzed by the analysis of covariance and dependent t-test. Results:The results showed that both cognitive behavioral therapy (P < 0.001, t = 2.40) and mindfulness-based stress reduction were impressive in reducing the stress, while mindfulness-based stress reduction (P < 0.001, t = 4.82) was more effective than cognitivebehavioral therapy. Conclusions: In order to improve and decrease the anxiety in these patients, it will be essential to consider these variables during designing appropriate interventions.

Background: According to the observations, antisocial behaviors are among major behaviors among male and female students. People with antisocial behaviors suffer from problems with respect to the quality of life. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the relationship between parenting styles, self-compassion, and emotional intelligence with antisocial behaviors in students. Methods:The population included all students in Shiraz, Iran in the academic year of 2016. The sample was comprised of 148 students (74 male and 74 female) who were selected randomly through multi-stage sampling method. The instruments used in the study were parenting style questionnaire, self-compassionate scale (SCS), trait meta mood scale (TMMS), and Levenson antisocial behavior scale. Extracted data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression statistics in SPSS version 21. Results: Authoritarian parenting style (t = 2.08, B = 0.17, P =0.03), permissive parenting style (t = 2.16, B = 0.16, P= 0.01), selfcompassion (t = -4.08, B = -0.31, P= 0.00), and emotional intelligence (t = -2.93, B = -0.28, P = 0.01) are predictors of antisocial behaviors. According to multiple regression analysis, authoritarian parenting style, permissive parenting style, self-compassion, and emotional intelligence were significant predictors of antisocial behavior. Moreover, authoritative parenting style was not included in the analysis. Conclusions: Authoritarian parenting style, permissive parenting style, self-compassion, and emotional intelligence should be highly regarded as they highly predict antisocial behavior.