The mobile-based apps used is getting popular and continued to increased. Mobile user often downloaded the apps from various sources that provided from numerous of categorization of the application included health apps. Some of apps is optional to choose, but nevertheless, there are several apps is compulsory or must-action by citizens as instructed by the government or their agency. As for that, some issues of legal challenges on data privacy kin to data security have occurred. The issues on legal challenges is more intricate for non-legal educated users with non-awareness citizens while there are government involvements. Hence, in this paper, the issues and the legal challenges on the data privacy for mobile-based application are reviewed to give awareness for both side, the users (citizens) and apps provider (government or developer). Together with that, the idea of action, such as recommendation and option to react with the issues and challenges are also presented. Several Acts (legislation) are also proposed according to the legal issues and challenges that occurred, as showed the Personal Data Protection Act (PDPA) 2010 is became as the famous act used to confront with the existing privacy legislation in mobile-based application. The suggestions and recommendations might assist citizens to keep stand with their rights on data privacy issues in mobile apps, and to the other-side, it might provide some idea be more precise when create and develop the mobile apps.

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This research has studied the level of awareness among the private car drivers in Masai Johor towards the usage of natural gas vehicle (NGV) as an alternative fuel to gasoline and diesel. The awareness of  the private car drivers as the biggest community of the road users, would help in reducing air pollution, greenhouse effect and at the same time contributes to green environment. On the other hand, the lack of awareness on the usage of NGV as an alternative fuel would remain the dependency on gasoline or diesel which in long run would produce harmful pollutants to environment and diminish the fossil fuel supply in future. This research is intended to find out the level of awareness on the usage of NGV and also to find out the factors that contribute to the lack of NGV users in Masai Johor. Research is carried out using both qualitative and quantitative method where questionnaires, interviews and observation have been done in collecting the data. From the study, the researcher has found out that most of the private car drivers in Masai Johor are aware of the NGV as an alternative fuel but only small numbers of them have been using the NGV due to some constraints and having bad perceptions on the NGV.  NGV is not just a cost saving, but also could reduce air pollution and proven to be among the best alternative fuel which indirectly reduces the dependency on gasoline and diesel thus create better and healthy environment.

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This study aims to determine the effect of product quality and brand image on purchasing decisions through buying interest. This research was a quantitative research. The population in this study were consumers using skincare ms.glow products in Ternate with the sampling method, namely Non-Probability Sampling with a purposive sampling approach. The data analysis technique was path modeling analysis using Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) version 3 as a statistical test tool. The results of this study indicate that product quality has a significant effect on purchasing decisions, brand image has no significant effect on purchasing decisions, product quality has a significant effect on buying interest, brand image has a significant effect on buying interest, buying interest has a significant effect on purchasing decisions, product quality has a significant effect on purchasing decisions through buying interest, and brand image has a significant effect on purchasing decisions through buying interest.