Objective:The aim of this study was to explore nurses' knowledge regarding postoperative pain management Background: Effective management of pain in hospitalized patients is an important aspect of quality care delivery, optimal clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Nurses play an important role in pain management but it has been widely observed that nurses have limited knowledge about management of post-surgical pain.Methodology: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a private tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Study included nurses working at bedside in post-operative units of the hospital. A self-developed questionnaire was used for data collection. Chi square test was used to analyse the data. Results:The level of knowledge was divided into poor, average, good and excellent categories. Percentage score of categories was, poor (0%); average (6.7%); good (71.7%); and excellent (21.7%). Conclusion:Current study showed that majority of nurses working in surgical units had good knowledge of post-operative pain management. The focus of current study was on the exploration of nurses' knowledge regarding post-operative pain management, further studies need to be conducted to explore barriers and factors affecting their knowledge regarding post-operative pain management.

This paper successfully develops and investigates the implementation of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based robust speed control strategy for Indirect Vector Control (IVC) three phase Induction Motor (1M) drive. The 1M is modeled in terms of dq in s y nchronousl y rotating reference frame for IVC in Matlab/Simulink. The main purpose of the proposed design is to accomplish robustness for load disturbances, speed variation, parameter uncertainties, and electrical faults. The performance of aforesaid control technique is compared with that of conventional tuned PI control scheme. Simulation results of the ANN guarantee effectiveness and robustness regarding overshoot, undershoot, rise time, fall time and chattering for different operating condition in comparison to traditional PI control scheme.

Background: A spectrum of various primary as well as secondary diseases can affect liver The present study was conducted to assess hepatic lesions. Materials & Methods: 68 liver biopsies were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and were examined under the microscope. Results: Age group 0-10 years had 1, 11-20 had 12, 21-30 had 20, 31-40 had 25 and >40 years had 10 hepatic lesions. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Histopathological diagnosis were primary Hepatic Tumour in 5, hepatic Secondaries in11, Cirrhosis in 10, Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis in 4, Viral Hepatitis in 15, Alcoholic Hepatitis in 6, Glycogen Storage Disease in 2, Fatty liver in 14 and Cystic Hydatid Disease in 1 case. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Histopathological examination of liver biopsy helps to diagnose and assess the severity of various hepatic diseases.

Hedging is the one of activities is performed by a company or a bank to protect their business from the risk of changes caused by exchange rates or exchange rate fluctuations. There are some things that should be considered by companies whom often perform the transactions related to interest rate and exchange rate. For example, banks should monitor the company performance against losses caused by foreign exchange and also arrange the strategy, because it is necessary for the company to perform hedging. The research is purposed to learn how to minimize the risks of losses experienced by banks due to hedging techniques usage. The hedging techniques performed are swap and forward hedging. The method used in this study correlation coefficient and simple regression to determine the relationship between the variables in question. The result of this research shows that hedging technique in the buying and selling transactions of foreign exchange has more benefit rather than not. It can avoid the risks of transaction exposures. It can be seen from the significant level, Forward has the significant level in the amount of 0,000. It means the Forward Hedging Technique has an effect to the transaction exposure and Hedging transaction using Swap has the benefit rather than not. The significant level in the amount of 0,007 is smaller than 0,05. It means that Swap Hedging Technique has an effect to the transaction exposure. Accordingly, Forward and Swap deserve to be considered by companies or banks to avoid the risks of transaction exposures.

Strongyloidiasis is a helminthic disease which is common in the tropics, subtropics and especially prevalent in far east. It is rarely reported in Bangladesh probably due to the low index of suspicion in common practice. We are reporting a case of strongyloidiasis that was found in a middle-aged patient presenting with diarrhoea, weight loss and generalized itching. He was treated in different hospitals and undergone extensive investigation. We diagnosed him as a case of strongyloidiasis on the basis of stool microscopy examination and treated with Ivermectin.J MEDICINE Jan 2018; 19 (1) : 54-57