No abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as a risk of cardiovascular diseases due to the expression of certain pathological factors, including hormones, such as serotonin. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the bridging role of serotonin between DM and cardiac valvulopathy via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Eighty diabetic patients and 50 healthy individuals along with experimental models were studied. DM was induced in the rat model via intraperitoneal alloxan injection and subsequently treated with serotonin. ROS, superoxide dismutase and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) expressions analyses as well as histopathologies were also performed. An increase in ROS concentration and down-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities in diabetic patients as well as serotonin-treated diabetic experimental models were observed. The heart valves of the serotonin-treated diabetic rats were impaired along with BNP expression when compared to the normal subjects. The current study suggested that endogenous enhanced serotonin level may contribute as a bridge between diabetes and cardiovascular diseases via acceleration of free radical generation in diabetic conditions.

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) develop tendencies toward heart disease. Hyperglycemia induces the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells (EC). Serotonin was observed to elevate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downregulate antioxidant enzymes. As a result, elevated levels of serotonin could contribute to diabetic complications, including cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by alloxan administration; this was followed by the administration of serotonin to experimental animals. ROS, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) expression, and histopathological assessments were performed. Elevated ROS concentrations and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities were detected. Further, we observed an increase in cell surface area and elevated BNP expression which suggests that events associated with cardiac hypertrophy were increased in serotonin-administered diabetic rats. We conclude that serotonin secretion in diabetes could contribute to diabetic complications, including cardiac hypertrophy, through enhanced ROS production.

Objectives: To assess oncology nurses' awareness of chemotherapy-based extravasation care. Methodology: The study adopted a cross sectional descriptive study design. One hundred and fifty patients of both gender male and female were included in this study. Using SPSS, data analysis was performed and used to define the corresponding chi-square factor. Graphs and tables provided the details. Result: Total 150 participants are involved this study 71.7% were male participants and more than half 62.4% participants were registered nurses. The academic qualification of mostly participants 64.4% were diploma nurses and have 1-4 year of experience. 38.0% percent of participants were engaged in a hospital-based extravasation education program. and 62.0% were not. Only 40% of nurses want to continue their extravasation education in the hospital. Conclusion: Likely, the recent research serves as the basis of experience and expertise of extravasation treatment for oncology nurses. Surprisingly, nurses' understanding of management methods was woefully lacking. This may have an effect on the level of care given to patients with the aid of extravasation Education, lectures, and conferences are held on a regular basis.