Context: Ferulago carduchorum Boiss. & Hausskn. (Apiaceae) is known as Chavil in Persian which grows in west of Iran. Local people add Chavil to dairy and oil ghee as a natural preservative to extend the expiration date. Objective: The goal of this survey is the safety evaluation of the total extract of F. carduchorum in rats by determining both oral acute and subchronic toxicities; furthermore, the anticoagulant activity of isolated coumarins was evaluated. Materials and methods: The aerial parts of F. carduchorum were extracted by the percolation method. The anticoagulant activity of isolated coumarins was evaluated and the total extract was used to investigate acute and subchronic toxicity in rats. In the subchronic toxicity model, doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of the extract were administered to treated groups for 30 consecutive days by gavage. Results: According to the results of acute toxicity, the LD 50 of Chavil extract was more than 2000 mg/kg. The subchronic study showed no significant difference (p40.05) between the groups treated with extract and control groups in hematological (erythrocyte, total and differential leukocyte, hematocrit, hemoglobin, platelet count) and biochemical parameter (glucose, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) evaluations. The isolated coumarins (suberosin and suberenol) prolonged the prothrombin time (PT) at doses of 3 and 6 mg/kg compared with control (p50.05). The longest PT was for suberosin at 6 mg/kg (17.4 s). Conclusion: In conclusion, oral administration of the Chavil extract did not cause either acute or subchronic toxicities although the coumarins showed anticoagulant effect in rats.
The
human amniotic membrane (HAM) has been viewed as a potential
regenerative material for a wide variety of injured tissues because
of its collagen-rich content. High degradability of HAM limits its
wide practical application in bone tissue engineering. In this study,
the natural matrix of the decellularized amniotic membrane was developed
by the double diffusion method. The results confirmed a reduction
of the amniotic membrane’s degradability because of the deposition
of calcium and phosphate ions during the double diffusion process.
Real-time PCR results showed a high expression of osteogenesis-related
genes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) cultured
on the surface of the developed mineralized amniotic membrane (MAM).
Further in vivo experiments were conducted using
an MAM preseeded with ADMSCs and a critical-size rat calvarial defect
model. Histopathological results confirmed that the MAM + cell sample
has excellent potential in bone regeneration.
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