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This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and effect of parasitic infection on clinical healthy, hematological and biochemical parameters in camels. Hundred fifty adult one humped camels of both sex were examined for helminthes parasite according to the standard procedures. Examination of fecal samples from camels shows 63 (41 %) were harboring different helminthes nematode species (36.15%) ,where coproculture were recorded.Trichostrongylus spp,,Nematodirus spp,Osterotagia spp and Osphegestomum spp Trichuris spp. Protozoon parasites, 9.23% (Eimeria spp) nd cestod parasites,3.07% (Monezia spp), while blood smear examination for excluded the camels infected by blood parasites. Single infection recorded in (n=58,44.61%) and mixed infection recorded in (n=5,3.84%). Packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (HB), Total WBC count and red blood cell counts were significantly (P < 0.01) affected in the infected camels compared to the control healthy camels. Parasite infection in camels leads to macrocytic anemia. Biochemical analysis revealed that significant affected of AST,ALT and BUN in the infected camels compared to the control healthy camel,so we can concluded that Camels were affected by gastrointestinal parasite exhibited different clinical signs,a significant change in hematological and biochemical values between the infected and control camels.

The present investigation was conducted (during PM examination of the slaughtered carcasses) to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in identifying camels infected with hydatid cysts before slaughtering and to assess the prevalence of hydatidosis in camels sacrificed in Assuit Governorate. Hydatid cyst count and characterization were conducted based on routine meat inspection. Slaughterhouse samples of 200 camels were collected through weekly visits. Hydatid cysts in livers, lungs and kidneys were detected and counted, also the fertility rate of the cysts was examined. Out of these, 12 (6%) were found to harbor hydatid cyst, in livers 9(75%), lungs 2(17%) and kidney 1(8%).On the other side, fertile cysts 5(41.7%) were found more frequently in livers 4(33.3%) than in lungs 1(8.3%), while sterile cysts7(58.3%) found in livers , lungs and kidneys 5(41.7% ), 1(8.1) and 1(8.3%) respectively. In addition to PM examination, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test (ELISA) was developed to the same camels for serological detection of hydatid cyst infection but in alive state. 16(8%) of the 200 camels were found harbouring hydatid cysts were serologically positive when screened for hydatidosis by ELISA test. Four animals (2%) out of the 188 non-infected camels gave serologically positive result. It is suggested that the ELISA as a serological assay, is a valuable method with high diagnostic efficiency for serodiagnosis of hydatid disease. The public health importance of hydatidosis as well as some recommended measures for controlling of the disease were discussed.

Theileria spp is protozoan parasites infecting wild and domestic animals throughout the world and affected the healthy state of the infected animals for that this study was carried to evaluate the effects of natural infection of camels with Theileria spp on blood picture and efficacy of indirect fluorescent antibody technique in diagnosis this infection, where blood samples were obtained from125 apparently healthy dromedary camels aged 1-9 years ,held in some localities in New-Valley governorate and classified into two groups, the first group (100 camels) as infected group and the rest number 25 as a control group where all of them examined by direct smear and indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Direct smear revealed 9 out 100 camel are positive for Theileria spp in ratio of 9% while indirect fluorescent antibody technique revealed 11out of 100 camels are positive (11%), with one sample as false negative and 3 samples as false positive so we can consider the indirect fluorescent technique remain the most convenient test for theileria spp diagnosis in camels. Hematological analysis revealed significant decrease in PCV, HB, RBCs count with significant increase in MCV, MCH and MCHC in infected group than control one. The frequency of theileriosis in camels is considerable and Theileria spp do not seem to induce significant alteration in clinical signs in naturally-infected dromedary camels but laboratory seem to induce significant decrease in hematological parameters which translated to anemia.

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