To develop analytical themes through a descriptive synthesis of qualitative studies to create a broader and more conscious understanding of the before processes in early and forced marriages.Methods: Twenty-five qualitative studies were analyzed and synthesized according to meta-synthesis methods. Findings:The analytical themes of the main theme "The process leading to early and forced marriages" were divided into four groups as cognitive, affective, behavioral, and cultural reflections.Practice Implications: The study results emphasize the need to consider the links between cognitive, affective, behavioral, and cultural reflections of the process that led to marriages for preventing early and forced marriages.child marriage, early and forced marriage, meta-synthesis, qualitative research | INTRODUCTIONEarly and forced marriages are not only an important public health problem, but also a violation of the fundamental rights of the child, especially the right to education, which undermines the status of women, hinders human rights (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, 2020; United Nations Population Fund, 2020). It is a multidimensional problem that has communal, legal, social, cultural, economic, physical, intellectual, psychological, and emotional effects and is influenced synergistically by many factors and requires inter-sectoral cooperation for its solution (Girls Not Brides, 2020; UNICEF, 2020; UNFPA, 2020). Since child marriages are illegal and are not recorded, it is often difficult to reach this group, which constitutes a hidden population. Considering that 12 million girls marry at an early age per year worldwide, it is estimated that more than 120 million girls will be married before their 18th birthday by 2030. This provision is an indication of the need to accelerate

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the leadership orientations of nurses and their clinical decision-making skills. Design/methodology/approach This descriptive study was conducted between June and December 2018 on nurses working at three hospitals in Turkey. This study was completed with 1,100 nurses. The Personal Information Form, Leadership Orientation Scale and Clinical Decision-Making Scale in Nursing were used for data collection. Findings A significant correlation was found between the leadership orientations of nurses and age, sex, institution where they were employed, time spent in the profession, being in a management position and satisfaction with the current unit of employment (p < 0.05), and a significant correlation was found between clinical decision-making skills of nurses and age, sex and occupational status (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the mean scores of the Leadership Orientation Scale and Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale (p < 0.05). Originality/value The development of leadership orientations of nurses positively affects their clinical decision-making skills. In this respect, it is important to instill effective leadership orientations in nurses and to incorporate novel training methods in nursing education to develop accurate and timely clinical decision-making skills.

Background & Aim: The fact that the nursing profession is seen as a female profession deepens gender discrimination in the nursing profession. This research aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the gender attitudes of nursing students towards the nursing profession and study the psychometric properties thereof. Methods & Materials: The study is methodological research. The research was conducted with 238 nursing students at a public university in Türkiye. Results: Exploratory factor analysis reduced the total number of items from 41 to 10. 10 items categorized under three factors were determined to explain 57.11% of the total variance. The total Cronbach Alpha value of the scale is .62. The scale consists of 3 factors entitled “Male Gender Role”, “Professional Stereotypes,” and “Gender Discrimination”, which further include a total of 10 items. Conclusion: The scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the gender attitudes of nursing students toward the nursing profession.

Purpose: To develop analytical themes through a descriptive synthesis of qualitative studies to create a broader and more conscious understanding of after processes in early and forced marriages.Methods: This study is a meta-synthesis study. Findings:The analytical themes of the main theme "The process after early and forced marriages" were divided into four groups: cognitive, affective, behavioral, and cultural reflections. Practice Implications: Effective social norm interventions should be adapted to people's cognitive, affective, behavioral, and cultural understanding to change attitudes and practices toward early marriages. K E Y W O R D S child marriage, early and forced marriage, meta-synthesis, qualitative research | INTRODUCTIONCustomary law, which exists in parallel with civil law in many countries, generally undermines the rules of civil law and exposes, especially girls, to early marriage in religious and ethnic communities (Polat & Reva, 2019). Although early marriage poses a risk not only for girls but also for boys, the number of girls who marry before the legal age of marriage is considerably higher than that of boys in many countries and regions (Mehra et al., 2018;Polat & Reva, 2019). Studies have shown that young people are at risk of early marriage, especially those who do not attend school, do not have access to mass media, have low social