This research aims to have better understanding on how Chinese women shoppers make decisions, specifically how they decide selecting fruits for their families, and how this affects their attitudes and behaviours towards domestic and foreign brands. It is important to have a clear understanding of consumer preferences will help the businesses and marketers in attracting and maintaining their primary customer group. This research using focus groups and able to obtain the opinions and insights of twenty respondents about their experiences purchasing fresh fruits. Data was collected in the Henan city in Hunan Province through structured interviews with consumers who have experience purchasing at major supermarkets and fruit stores. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings shows that positive views about the organic label, attention to fruit safety, and the impression of the significance of fruit features are the most influential determinants on intention to pay a higher price. In addition, consumers are more likely to be willing to pay a premium for fresh fruits if they are packaged in appealing transparent containers. This study shows that the packaging composition of freshness of fruits provides an effective marketing strategy for local manufacturers and 'traditional' marketplaces. We also found that customers place a higher value on green packaging's functionality, such as its portability, reusability, and safety features, than it does on its pricing or aesthetics.

Gestures are meaningful acts of being. All gesture speaks of the formation of posture, and by this posture we can even comprehend the culture that is bound and produced in the action of gesture. This article examines the aesthetics of gesture found in puppet animation. Puppets are rich in their textured and sculptural forms and yet they have limited, wooden-like performance. However, it is their limitations -unlike smooth computer-generated imagery (CGI) or 2D animated drawings -which make every nuance in their performances exceptionally important and instructive in understanding the character's motivation. Three short animation films -Jiří Trnka's The Hand (1965), Kihachirō Kawamoto's The Demon (1972) and Suzie Templeton's Dog (2001) -are chosen as the case studies in this article. The authors elaborate on the way gestures are communicated through poses, shots and framings to then construct and discuss categories of gesture.

René Descartes (1596-1650) dalam bukunya bertajuk, terjemahan Inggerisnya, A Discourse on the Method (1637), atau dalam bahasa Melayu nanti, Sebuah Wacana Tentang Kaedah/Metode, melakukan satu refleksi radikal apabila cuba membuktikan kewujudan Tuhan berasaskan ketajaman aqal sematamata. Buku ini tidaklah tebalcuma mengandungi 6 Babdan asalnya ditulis dalam Perancis dengan judul Discours de la méthode pour bien conduire sa raison, et chercher la vérité dans les sciences (Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting One's Reason and of Seeking Truth in the Sciences tetapi dipendekkan oleh penterjemah Inggeris sebagai A Discourse on the Method sahaja). Hujahannya amat berpengaruh lagi berkontroversi; hujahnya itu bukan sahaja pencetus bagi revolusi rasional moden tetapi dikritik hebat oleh kumpulan skolastik Kristian, oleh kumpulan yang dipengaruhi oleh Aristoteles dan pemikir Yunani (Helena/Greek) lain. Di dalam sejarah falsafah Barat, Descartes sering 'dibangunkan' dalam penulisan, 'dihujahkan' dan 'dimatikan' terus-menerus sepanjang zaman. Beliau diraikan sebagai pemula kepada hujah rasional, sebagai Bapa Falsafah Moden dan pencetus kepada Zaman Pencerahan di Eropah pada lewat kurun ke-17. Walaupun begitu, pada 1643, falsafah Cartesian (nama am bagi mazhab pemikiran Descartes) dikutuk secara besar-besaran dengan penuh rasminya oleh Universiti Utrecht. Pada 1663, karyanya diharamkan dan diselitkan ke dalam Index of Forbidden Books (Indeks Buku Terlarang) oleh Roman Inquisition. Terlebih dahulu, sudi saya membuat beberapa penyataan tentang naskhah kajian. Kesemua penyataan daripada Descartes yang disebut di dalam makalah dipetik daripada A Discourse on the Method hasil terjemahan Ian Maclean, terbitan Oxford University Press, 2006. Buku ini mudah didapati dan mempunyai pengenalan sejarah yang bagus. Terjemahan petikan Descartes ke bahasa Melayu semuanya dibuat oleh saya. Untuk memudahkan wacana saya akan pakai DM mewakili A Discourse on the Method. Sekiranya para pembaca budiman boleh bertutur dalam Perancis dan Latin, saya cadangkan edisi René Descartes, Oeuvres de Descartes: Discours de la method & Essais, Jilid 6, disunting oleh Charles Adam dan Paul Tannery (Paris: Leopold Cerf, 1902). Edisi Charles Adam dan Paul Tannery ini dianggap oleh sarjana Eropah-Barat sebagai rujukan semesta (universal) Descartes. Perlu juga disebutkan di sini bahawa pada tahun Discourse diterbitkan, karya itu datang bersama tiga esei lain; Dioptrics, Meteorology dan Geometry. Namun, di atas dasar skop wacana dan keterhadan ruang, saya hanya akan fokus kepada Discourse, kerana karya ini berupa penulisan yang lebih penting dalam sejarah falsafah di Perancis. Makalah yang sangat ringkas ini adalah satu cubaan untuk melihat apakah bentuk pandangan 'rasional' Descartes dalam A Discourse on the Method. Bagaimanakah pula yang dikatakan sebagai kaedah Descartes dalam falsafah? Sebelum kita masuk ke dalam aqal Descartes, adalah lebih baik kita memahami terlebih dahulu latar belakang di tempat buku ini diterbitkan.

Tea industry in China is continuing flourish and the sales volume increasing. It is significant for China tea industry focuses on upgrading their marketing strategy in boosting consumption and make it exclusive in the international market. The aim of this research was to identify the impact of gift packaging on consumer perception and their purchase intention. The literature revealed the colour of packaging influences consumer perception and purchase intention in China. This paper proposes two research questions; (1) Does packaging elements influence consumer perception and purchase intention? And (2) Does packaging elements increases business sales to different culture? Findings of this study can be added into current knowledge and literature for future reference. Furthermore, the findings show that consumers have spatial visual attention shifting from product to another product and impact on their evaluation of product evaluation and satisfaction. The findings also show that consumers perceive the brand with distinctive and unique meanings through its packaging elements that meet with contemporary consumers' functional and psychological needs. Additionally, the new insights obtained from this research are important for Chinese green tea businesses and marketers on determining long-term new product developments and in developing the marketing mix for packaging elements that are marketed and can influence consumer purchase intention. This research indicated that utilising packaging elements to influence consumer perception and their purchase intention.