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Heterocyclic compounds are the largest and most versatile class of organic compounds. Plants produce valuable heterocyclic substances called phytohormones to carry out the growth process. They control the growth or other physiological functions. Both hormones and vitamins are generally referred as plant growth regulators. Aromatic compounds having lactone ring are called coumarin. Coumarin is one of the most important natural substances in plants and is referred to as anti-auxins, as these compounds are considered to play an essential role in plants growth as well as defense.

The various components of the sugarcane crop such as stripped cane yield, number of millable canes and unstripped cane yield were affected significantly by different levels of phosphorus. Phosphorus application in the range of 100-150 kg haG 1 along with 200 kg haG 1 and 150 kg K 2 O haG 1 was found to be an optimum dose. Phosphorus application beyond the range of 100 to 150 kg haG 1 will not be profitable. Phosphorus had nonsignificant effect on the photo biomass and quality parameters.

A number of quinolone-3-acetic acids were synthesized by cyclocondensation of substituted anilines with diethyl acetylsuccinate in the presence of phosphorous pentoxide and followed by base hydrolysis of the resultant esters to form respective acids. All synthesized compounds were found to exhibit antibacterial activities against a range of gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Shigella sonnei, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi) by broth dilution method. All the compounds exhibited antibacterial activities comparable to fluoroquinolones and in some cases even better activity was found. These findings suggest a great potential of these compounds for screening and use as antibacterial compounds for further studies with a battery of bacteria.

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