Coffee (Coffea sp.) is one of the leading commodities in Indonesia for it has a high economic value. In Bangelan Village, Malang Regency, there is a company that manages robusta coffee commodity. The land was converted into a coffee plantation from forest land. The conversion of forest land into a coffee plantation caused the decreasing number of total soil pores lower than the forest land. This will make it difficult for water to absorb into the soil. This research was conducted in Afdeling Besaran, PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Kebun Bangelan to elucidate the value of soil permeability and the nature of the relationship between them. The result of this research indicated that the permeability of the soil on each land map unit was in the category of fast permeability class and slightly fast permeability class. The highest soil permeability value was found on land map unit 2 at the 56 years average age of coffee robusta field, with each depth of 6.03 cm hour-1, 7.95 cm hour-1, and 7.82 cm hour-1. Soil permeability is influenced by soil porosity, sand and silt with a positive correlation way. In addition, aggregate stability, soil bulk density and clay also significantly affected the soil permeability with a negative correlation way. Permeability affected the production of robusta coffee plants with a positive correlation way of 16.09%.

Agriculture land shows soil compaction problems due to long-term agricultural cultivation activities. Soil compaction indicator can be seen from the value of soil penetration resistance at different soil depths (0 - 60 cm). This research aimed to determine soil penetration resistance at different coffee plantation ages with different soil depths and to analyze the relationship between soil penetration resistance with soil physical characteristics and coffee productivity. The survey activities include observation of minipits, measuring soil penetration resistance at soil depths of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm using a hand penetrometer, and soil sampling. The results showed that the soil penetration resistance at each LU and soil depth suggested variation were categorized into moderate and high soil penetration resistance classes (1.34 MPa - 3.35 MPa). Soil characteristics, such as soil aggregate stability, water content, bulk density, porosity, silt content, and clay content, significantly correlate with soil penetration resistance. However, soil penetration resistance has a negative correlation with coffee productivity. The value of soil penetration resistance (at a depth of 0-60 cm) has a significant negative correlation with the average productivity of coffee plantations (r=-0.5936**). Therefore, increased soil penetration resistance decreased root growth, decreasing plant productivity.