Стаття присвячена проблемі рецидивучих респіраторних інфекцій (РРІ) у дітей. Детально розглядається їх характеристика, фактори ризику, наведений алгоритм діагностики РРІ. Окрема увага приділяється лікуванню. Оптимальним антибіотиком при РРІ бактеріальної природи є високодозовий амоксицилін/клавуланат (в Україні зареєстрований під назвою Аугментин™ ES), ефективність якого, за даними різних авторів, становить 94,6–96,3 %.

Saccular cyst of the larynx is a benign supraglottic lesion, filled with mucus. It forms from the laryngeal sac, which is a soft tissue mass that is an extension of the laryngeal ventricle. Due to the extreme rarity, the true prevalence of the disease is unknown, although congenital laryngeal cysts have been reported to affect 1 in 300,000 newborns. The gold standard for diagnosing of saccular laryngeal cysts is laryngoscopy. Treatment of saccular cysts can only be done surgically, using endoscopic or external access. It is believed that endoscopic CO2 laser excision is the treatment of choice.

Sinusitis is one of the most common respiratory diseases in children. Swelling of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses accompanies sinusitis; but this is not only a symptom, edema leads to blockage of the normal sinus drainage pathway, which is key in the pathogenesis of sinusitis. Decongestants are considered a key treatment for sinusitis because they improve the function of the sinuses. According to EPOS-2012, treatment of acute sinusitis in children up to 5 days includes nasal lavage, decongestants, and in the absence of effect within 10 days, endonasal corticosteroids are added to the treatment. Decongestants are prescribed from the onset of sinusitis in children. They not only alleviate the annoying manifestations of nasal congestion, but also keep unlocked paranasal sinuses, prevent the progression of sinusitis to bacterial and prevent complications. In the treatment of sinusitis, we successfully combine the benefit of decongestants (rapid, relatively shortterm anti congestion) with the effect of endonasal corticosteroids (slow, relatively long-acting anti congestion). The article shows our algorithm of topical sinusitis treatment.

Acute otitis media-infection or inflammation? The answer to this philosophical question has real practical consequences. Initially, otitis can be an infection followed by an organism's reaction in the form of inflammation. Or it is primarily inflammation, which is associated with a bacterial pathogen or proceed without the addition of a pathogen. In the case of "otitis-infection", further therapeutic tactic is clearan antibiotic is needed. In the case of "otitis-inflammation" there are three possible scenarios of the subsequent development of process-self-healing, attachment of bacterial infection or gradual transition to otitis media with effusion. In clinical practice, it is important to distinguish between these scenarios in order to choose the right treatment strategy.