Chile ha tenido un incremento sostenido de población inmigrante, pero poco se conoce sobre su impacto en el sistema escolar. Por medio de metodologías mixtas, se recolectó información acerca de las percepciones y prejuicios que estudiantes y profesores, de comunas de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, poseen respecto de la inmigración y la multiculturalidad. Este artículo caracteriza aspectos asociados al prejuicio existente hacia los inmigrantes en el sistema escolar, tanto a nivel explícito como implícito, corroborando la hipótesis de contacto propuesta por la psicología social; y brindando orientaciones tendientes a potenciar la inclusión de la diversidad cultural en el sistema educacional, tanto a nivel de contexto, políticas como prácticas pedagógicas.
En el presente artículo, se pone el foco en la migración hacia Chile, especialmente de los niños, niñas y adolescentes que ingresan al sistema educacional chileno y el uso de la investigación socio territorial como una forma de analizar la construcción de identidades, que son dinámicas e influyen en la inclusión educativa de los mismos. Una de las metas del sistema educacional chileno dice relación con brindar un ambiente educativo de calidad, donde equitativamente todos los estudiantes puedan alcanzar su potencial académico. En ese contexto, uno de los tópicos recurrentes en el debate sobre migración y escuela es la tensión existente entre la consolidación de prejuicios y estereotipos o la capacidad de la institución escolar para modificarlos. En este artículo se identifican los aportes del enfoque socio territorial para la comprensión de la migración, así como para orientar el diseño de políticas públicas y de las estrategias de las escuelas para enfrentar los desafíos de la migración.Descriptores: Educación de los inmigrantes, Identidad cultural, Educación integradora, Segregación racial, Sociología urbana.In this article, the focus is on migration towards Chile, especially the children and adolescents entering the Chilean educational system and the use of socio-territorial research as a way of analyzing the construction of identities, which are dynamic and thus influence the educational inclusion of them. One of the goals of the Chilean educational system is related to providing a quality educational environment, where all students can equitably reach their academic potential. In this context, one of the recurring topics in the debate on immigration and school is the tension between the consolidation of prejudices and stereotypes or the capacity of the school to modify them. This paper highlights the importance of socioterritorial studies to understand immigration, and how these progressively influence spatial groups (school community and migrants) and representations / prejudices associated to them.
Since the 1990s, there has been an increase in the flow of intraregional immigration in Latin America (González, 2005). The educational context is not unaffected by this reality. Given the relevance for and the impact on the academic development that negative prejudices and attitudes can have for an immigrant student, this chapter seeks to answer the question about the conditions of inclusion/exclusion of immigrant children in the educational system (focusing on research within the Chilean context). Understanding migratory processes where students are involved is complex, in terms of both adaptation and inclusion. Derived from a closer look at the school world (Alegre et al., 2006), there is a need to analyze how social experiences of immigrant students, their families, their cultural positions, and dynamics help to identify multiple factors that explain school inclusion or segregation. School is perceived as an ideal setting in which to observe the cultural and relational maps that occur between migrants and nonmigrants. Thus, this chapter seeks to link theory associated with research on prejudice and the psychosocial and educational dimension of the phenomenon of immigration.
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