The prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) among pregnant women was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of five (5) different hospitals in Enugu metropolis. Four hundred and eighty (480) pregnant women whose ages ranged from 20 -40 years were recruited in this

This study focuses on testing the efficacy of herbal remedy used in many homes within the South-Eastern part of Nigeria to treat malaria and also the histopathological effect of the remedy on albino rats. Twenty rats were procured and distributed with five rats to one group. Group 1 received Garcinia kola and Aloe vera extracts, Group 2 received only G. kola extract, Group 3 is negative control and Group 4 is positive control. The treatment lasted for 21 days but parameters were monitored on day zero, second, third, fourth and 21 st day. There was a sharp weight reduction of the albino rats at the third day, Group 1 recorded 107.21±15.46 as compared to the initial weight which was 116.18±14.94, but later increased at day 21. The weights across the groups at day three was statistically significant (p<0.05). The rats treated with G. kola extract recorded parasite density of 3997.34±0.00 at day 21 while the group 1 had zero parasite density at day 21. This shows that G. kola extract when used with Aloe vera extract will be more effective in the treatment of malaria as to compare when used alone. Histopathological test revealed no features of acute or chronic damage, but more studies are needed.

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Objective: This research was carried out to isolate lactic acid bacteria from dairy products, to examine the isolated lactic acid bacteria for the production of bacteriocin, its purification as well as its use as supplement in poultry nutrition to improve the growth performance of the birds. Methodology and results: Five (5) samples of cow milk and five (5) samples of fresh yoghurt were procured from the market; each sample was serially diluted to the third fold and plated on De Man Rogosa Sharpe agar (MRS) agar. Pure discrete colonies of Lactobacillus spp were isolated and sub-cultured on MRS broth. Lactobacillus spp isolated from Cow Milk and Fresh Yoghurt was screened using agar well diffusion. Lactobacillus isolates which showed high zone of inhibition against the test organisms (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) were designated positive. These isolates were centrifuged at 20,000 rpm (≤40C) for 30 min and their supernatant was adjusted to pH of 7.1 with Na2CO3 to remove lactic acid effect, before filter sterilization using membrane filter (0.2μm). Five (5) mg/ml catalase was added to eliminate peroxides effect. The solution was tagged as bacteriocin crude extract (BCE) which was infused into the poultry feed. Ten (10) three weeks old chicks were separated into two groups (5 each). “Group A” as the control and “Group B” as test. The test chicks had 5ml of bacteriocin infused into their daily feed while the control chicks were fed without any infusion of bacteriocin in their feed. The chicks were weighed every seven (7) days to compare the weight gain between the control and test chicks. At the end of the study, it was found that the test chicks weighed 900g when compared to the control chicks, which weighed 830g. Conclusion and application of results: This therefore means that bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria aids in the weight gain of poultry. This suggests that bacteriocin could be considered a major growth booster in poultry feed and should be applied in its feed formulation. Keywords: Bacteriocin, Cow milk, Fresh yoghurt, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Lactobacillus