Material kayu banyak digunakan dalam pembuatan kapal kayu serta bagian interior kapal baja atau kapal fiberglass. Material kayu yang digunakan untuk konstruksi kapal haruslah memenuhi syarat kualifikasi (Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia) dengan kategori kelas kuat dan kelas awet sehingga dapat digunakan pada bagian konstruksi serata badan kapal. Dewasa ini pemakaian kebutuhan kayu untuk keperluan struktur dalam jumlah besar dengan kualitas tinggi semakin sulit diperoleh. Hal ini menyebabkan harga kayu untuk keperluan material kapal sangat tinggi. Sehingga diperlukan material alternatif dalam membangun kapal kayu. Material Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu sejak jaman primitif telah digunakan pada kapal yang sederhana atau bagian interior konstruksi kapal namun material ini belum dikaji secara teknik. Potensi Pohon Sagu oleh masyarakat lokal masih sebatas memanfaatkan pati sagunya sebagai bahan makan pokok dan daunnya sebagai atap rumah, sedangkan Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu tidak dimanfaatkan dan dibiarkan sebagai limbah hasil pengolahan sagu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelas awet dan kelas kuat material Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu berdasarkan analisa sifat kimia dan sifat mekanis material Limbah Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata kadar air berkisar antara 5,13% - 6,89%, Rata-rata Berat Jenis material Limbah Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu berkisar antara 0,86 kg/m3.Pengujian tarik (Tensile Test) dan pengujian Tekan (Compressive Test) mengunakan pengujian standard ASTM D 3039/3039 M dan ASTM D 3410/3410M. Kekuatan tarik rata-rata dari kelima jenis Pohon Sagu yang tersebar di Provinsi Maluku adalah 1019 kg/cm2 – 1101,29 kg/cm2, kekuatan tekan rata-rata adalah 458,87 kg/cm2 – 520,05 kg/cm2. Dengan demikian material Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu masuk dalam kualifikasi Kelas Kuat II menurut standard BKI untuk Kapal Kayu.Penentuankelas awet yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan prosedur standar SNI 01-7207-2006 tentang uji ketahanan kayu dan produkkayu terhadap organisme perusak kayu dilaut dengan rata-rata intesitas serangan sebesar 16%. Namun kelemahan dari material ini adalah ketebalan Batang Kulit Pohon Sagu yang berkisar antara 1 cm – 2 cm sehingga harus dilakukan rekayasa model untuk mendapatkan bentuk profil sesuai dengan ketebalan profil pada bangunan kapal.
Abstrak Parameter stabilitas kapal-kapal penumpang kecil dengan kecepatan tinggi (speedboat) dievaluasi. Hal ini terkait dengan sering terjadinya kecelakaan di laut terhadap kapal-kapal type ini. Demikian juga untuk operasional kapal-kapal tersebut belum tersedianya informasi tentang parameter stabilitas kapal. Riset diawali dengan survei dan pengambilan data kapal di sekitar Pulau Ambon. Data kapal dikembangkan dan dihitung untuk memperoleh parameter stabilitas kapal (pada sudut kemiringan yang besar). Hasil perhitungan dievaluasi dan disimpulkan bahwa untuk kondisi riil kapal masih aman untuk beroperasi. Akan tetapi untuk kasus-kasus tertentu di laut maka kapal dalam kondisi kritis. Hasil penelitian menyarankan perlu adanya regulasi khusus serta kajian lanjut kapal-kapal kecil terhadap kondisi-kondisi kritis dalam operasional kapal.
Maluku waters have limited seas, which are still categorized as calm seas because the wave height is about 1.0 meter. The existence of feeder ships for transportation services from and to areas that are still considered remote, outermost and border will behave more smoothly in operation. The selection of three-body vessel (Trimaran) has the advantage of having a large deck area so that it can function as a feeder between small islands effectively and efficiently. This paper focuses on analysing resistance and seakeeping of Trimaran vessel for limited seas using CFD techniques with variations in transverse distance S/L = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and at a speed designated by the Froude number Fr = 0.21. The results of numerical analysis show that at S/L = 0.4 the vessel has very good characteristics in resistance and seakeeping. Therefore, results of the calculation can be adopted as preliminary data for the preliminary design.
This study aims to determine the proximate and total bacterial of dry salted scad fish (Decapterus sp.)dried using a closed solar drying sistem. The research method begins with fish weed in ‘butterfly’ thenwashed using flowed water and immersed in 15% salt solution for 30 minutes. The drying method was aclosed sun drying cabinet sistem, with 3 drying racks named Rack 1, Rack 2 and Rack 3 starting from thebottom. The dried salted fish was analyzed its proximate consisting of moisture content, ash content, fatcontent and protein content, as well as bacterial tests using Total Plate Count (TPC). The results showedthat the proximate values on Rack 1, Rak2, and Rack 3 were water content of 25.58%, 20.39%, and17.80% respectively; ash content of 9.64%, 9.69% and 7.71% respectively, fat content 8.08%, 11.40%and 15.16%, respectively and protein content 53.73%, 58.10%, and 59.11%. respectively. Meanwhile,the total plate count (TPC) value of dried salted layang fish (Decapterus sp) on Rack 1, Rak2, and Rack 3was 2.73 log x CFU / g or 5.4 x 102 CFU / g, 2.74. logx CFU / g or 5.5 x 102 CFU / g, and 2.74 logx CFU / gror 5.9 x 102 CFU / gr, respectively. The best place to put fish in the dryer is on Rack 3 as this is indicatedby the low moisture content. The TPC value was still within the value limit required by the SNI.
The application of solid boxes to prevent the sinking of small boats had been executed by the authors with small tuna-long boats. This concept was continued to be applied on small passenger speed-boats to find the possibility of application of solid boxes. This is due to some restrictions of spaces inside small passenger boats. The purpose of application of solid boxes on board is to reduce the incoming water and to prevent the boat from sinking. The data of full-scale boats were collected and developed into Maxsurf software. A scale boat model was developed by this software in order to compute and analyze the boat parameters as well as to construct the real boat model. The boat model was arranged for the details of weight components and their centers. The incoming water was filled into the model and tested for its sinkage. The results showed that the boat was sink. Therefore for future work, other method should be considered on the model in order to prevent it from sinking.
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