The suspended sediment transport equation and its near-bed sediment flux are one of the key problems of sediment transport research under nonequilibrium condition. Based on the three-dimensional primitive suspended transport equation, the two-dimensional suspended sediment transport equation is deduced. The derived process indicates that the physical essence of the near-bed sediment flux is right the bottom boundary condition for the suspended sediment transport equation. This paper analyzes the internal relations between the two methods of sediment carrying capacity and shear stress in common use, points out the consistency of these two methods in terms of form and physical meaning, and unifies these two methods theoretically. Furthermore, based on the analysis and comparison of the expressions of the near-bed sediment flux, this paper summarizes some problems to which attention should be paid, thus offering a novel approach to the study and the solution of the problems of suspended sediment transport and exchange flux of near-bed water sediment.suspended sediment transport equation, near-bed sediment flux, sediment carrying capacity, shear stress Domestic sediment study starts from the time of the construction of the Dujiang Dam Water Diversion Project (BC 256) and through the efforts made by the older generation of sediment experts it has already established its own status worldwide, with its research system combined with east and west [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] .When studying river, estuary and coast suspended sediment movement, different researchers often employ different methods to determine the exchange flux between suspended load and bed load near bed (near-bed sediment flux). The method of sediment carrying capacity and the method of shear stress are usually used to deal with the near-bed sediment flux, both of which result in a lot of expressions of near-bed sediment flux mostly done on the basis of empirical relations. However, all these expressions lack universality, and also have points of irrationality. For the diversiform expressions and different applications of near-bed sediment flux, there are many different kinds of interpretations in terms of theories and methods of sediment movement. This has positive effect on sediment study, but on the other hand, it would also bring some chaos to the further research of sediment. This paper starts, firstly, from the brief derivation of two-dimensional suspended sediment transport equation due to the three-dimensional suspended sediment transport equation, and then searches for the real physical meanings and the internal relations between the method of sediment carrying capacity and the method of shear stress, analyzes the consistency in the sense of form and physical meaning, and unifies theoretically the mathematic expressions of the two methods. Finally, two kinds of expressions usually used to represent the near-bed sediment flux are compared and summarized,
Waves are one of the most important factors affecting offshore marine engineering. Accurate calculation of wave distribution is an important prerequisite to ensure the safety of coastal engineering construction. Due to the influence of complex topography, hydrological conditions, and marine structures on the propagation of waves offshore, slowly varying topography, refraction, diffraction, reflection, shallowness, and other phenomena may occur. This article combines the MIKE21 Spetral Waves (SW) wave model and the MIKE21 Boussinesq Waves (BW) wave model which are developed by Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI) for a joint application (SW-BW nested model). It simulates the hydrodynamic environment of the Yanwo Island scenic area, located in Zhoushan, in both large and small ranges. In addition, wave height distribution and berthing stability of different breakwater planning schemes are calculated to optimize the layout of the breakwater. Through the analysis of simulation results, it is concluded that the hydraulic performance of Scheme 2 (the broken line section on the west side is 100 m long, and that on the east is 1200 m long, and the breakwater is rotated 8 degrees counterclockwise along the axis on the basis of Scheme 1) is better than that of Scheme 1 (the broken line section on the west side is 100 m long, and that on the east is 1100 m long), which can provide a more reliable construction reference for the construction of the Yanwo Island scenic area.
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