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Takayasu arteritis (TA) is classified as a large vessel vasculitis of predominantly aorta and its main branches, characterized by granulomatous vessel wall inflammation resulting in fibrosis and stenosis. It is very rare in pediatric age with an estimated incidence of 2.6/1,000,000. [1][2][3] The most common late-term findings are hypertension, claudication of extremities and pulselessness, stroke and aneurysm or stenosis of several arteries. [4][5][6][7] Constitutional symptoms including fever, arthralgia, weight loss, headache, and abdominal pain and elevated acute phase reactants are characteristic for pre-pulseless (stenosis) TA. 1 Only 33% of TA patients are diagnosed in pre-pulseless phase, despite the advances in imaging techniques and awareness of the disease in the last decade. 4 Mortality rates significantly decreased thanks to improvements in

Purpose: Pelvic pain, either related or unrelated to menstruation, is especially common in women of reproductive age. Thirty-nine per cent of all women suffer from chronic pelvic pain at some point in their lives, and pelvic venous congestion syndrome (PVCS) is the cause of this pain in 30% of cases. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting the success of endovascular venous embolization used in the treatment of PVCS, and to present the longterm treatment results. Material and methods:The data of 144 female patients who underwent endovascular ovarian vein embolization for PVCS between January 2012 and July 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Results:Pain management was determined to be very successful in 37 (25.6%) patients, successful in 55 (38.1%), and unsuccessful in 52 (35.3%). Treatments using a coil alone were significantly more successful in pain management than those involving the use of different materials in addition to the coil (p = 0.036). In addition, patients with unilateral insufficiency before the procedure were found to have more successful pain management than those with bilateral insufficiency (p = 0.041). Reproductive/postmenopausal state and parity did not have a statistically significant effect on treatment efficacy (p = 0.250 and p = 0.573, respectively). Conclusions:Endovascular pelvic venous embolization is an important option in the treatment of PVCS due its less invasive and reproducible nature.

A 39-year-old female patient who had aortic and mitral valve replacement due to rheumatic heart disease was also found to have cystic mass in the right ventricle on echocardiography during late routine control. The cystic mass identified on echocardiography was shown to be a pseudoaneurysm that develops from the membranous section of the interventricular septum and grows toward the right heart by ECG-triggered cardiac computed tomography performed for differential diagnosis. Because the patient did not accept the surgery, regular follow-ups were recommended.

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