Her current research evaluates the effectiveness of zoo education for inspiring understanding and action for biodiversity and the environment. She also investigates the impact of animal-human interactions on conservation awareness and welfare.

For centuries, educators have assumed that children acquire knowledge by internalizing it form the environment. It was not until the 1970's that the researchers begun to study about the nature of children's reading and writing systems. Psychologist wondered how children come to understand what literacy is, what functions children believed literacy served in their lives, and how children made use of literacy. This paper tries to answer these questions based on the Piagetian perspective.

No abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarının psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerinin topluluk önündeki konuşma kaygılarıyla olan ilişkisini incelemektir. Araştırma, nicel türde korelasyonel desende yürütülmüştür. Veriler, kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesiyle belirlenmiş, Bartın ve Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 239 (kadın=174, erkek=65) öğretmen adayından elde edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği (Doğan, 2015) ve Topluluk Önünde Konuşma Kaygısı Ölçeği (Doğru-Çabuker, Balcı-Çelik ve Aldemir, 2020) kullanılmıştır. Psikolojik sağlamlığın topluluk önünde konuşma kaygısını yordaması amacıyla yapılan basit doğrusal regresyon analizinde, iki değişken arasında anlamlı bir ilişki (R=.309, R 2 =.096) olduğu belirlenmiş ve psikolojik sağlamlığın topluluk önünde konuşma kaygı düzeyinin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu görülmüştür [F(1-237)=25.026, p<.05]. Bu açıdan psikolojik sağlamlık olgusunun, topluluk önünde yaşanan konuşma kaygısının doğasını anlamamıza katkı sağlayabilecek türden bir bilgi çerçevesi olduğu söylenebilir.

Schema is one of the most common terms used for classifying and constructing knowledge. Therefore, a schema is a pre-planned set of concepts. It usually contains social information and is used to represent chain of events, perceptions, situations, relationships and even objects. For example, Kant initially defines the idea of schema as some natural structures that enable us to comprehend nature. According to the perspective of Kant who is a strong nativist, the provided opportunities of human mind help us to comprehend temporal relations and their components. In the 1930s, a content of schema idea similar to Kant's was represented again in a more planned and intentional way by Bartlett from Cambridge University in his study "Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology (1932/reprint,1950)" Therefore, it is vital for readers to compute information using textual or discourserelated means and integrate their background information in the boundries of textual content and context. Although it is related to the past, Bartlett's approach "[s]chema is an active organization of past experience and reactions. Environmental stimulus contribute to these organized schema" is successful to protect its effects even in today thanks to abstraction of linguistic ideas (cognitive psychology and language), language processing and examination of memory in its natural context. Considering that children who attend elementary school constantly live in close contact with "verbal or written discourse products", the only certainty for all these efforts to comprehend is that it is necessary to continue to produce data for all grade levels until a more integrated approach, supported by more comprehensive and reliable data, is developed. Considering that the research on text interpretation processes have not yet provided an applicable, stand alone alternative, it is evident that such an alternative must benefit from a versatile and interdisciplinary network of information. Furthermore, it is known in the literature on the subject that countless discussions have been and will be held around the scope in question. For instance, despite all the scientific discussions, no assumptions on the nature and processes of text interpretation independent of statements of other fields can be developed.