No abstract

Background and Objectives This work evaluated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and the association of both therapies (sonophotodynamic therapy [SPDT]), mediated by curcumin (Cur) against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Next, additional strategies for these treatments were assessed. Materials and Methods S. aureus biofilms received PDT, SDT, and SPDT, mediated by Cur (80 µM), LED light (450 nm), and 1 MHz ultrasound. The same treatments were also performed adding a strategy: Cur with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Cur with potassium iodide (KI) or a pre‐treatment with ultrasound. Cell viability was determined and biofilm architecture was evaluated under confocal microscopy. Results SPDT was more effective to inactivate the bacteria than PDT and SDT. SDS achieved the greatest viability reductions, followed by KI and ultrasound pre‐treatment. Confocal images revealed biofilm disruption and a reduced number of cells in all treatments. However, SPDT exhibited a pronounced effect and it was greater using SDS. Conclusion SPDT was more effective and additional strategies potentiated its effectiveness. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC

Taken together, the use of decellularized bioscaffold and subcutaneous MSCs seems to be a potential approach to obtain bioengineered blood vessels, in the presence of EIGF supplementation.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) mediated by Photodithazine (PDZ) formulated in hydrogel, in the inactivation of mono and duo-species biofilms of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Standardized suspensions of each strain were prepared and after biofilm formation, mono-species were treated with 150 and 175mg/L of PDZ for 20min (pre-irradiation time), and exposed to LED light at a dose of 37.5J/cm (660nm). The duo-species biofilms (C. albicans+C. glabrata and C. albicans+C. tropicalis) were treated with 150mg/L of PDZ and light. Additional samples were treated with PDZ or light only, and the control did not receive any treatment. Next, microbiological evaluation was performed by spreading the cells on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and CHROMagar Candida for colony forming units (CFU/mL). Moreover, the total biomass of biofilm was verified using the crystal violet staining assay (CV). The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc (α=0.05). The use of PDZ 150mg/L promoted a reduction of 1.0, 1.2, 1.5 log in the viability of C. glabrata, C. albicans and C. tropicalis, respectively. The same concentration reduced in 1.0 log the viability of each species grown as duo-species biofilms. The crystal violet assay showed that the use of 150mg/L reduced 24.4%, 39.2% and 43.7% of the total biomass of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata, respectively. aPDT did not reduce the total biomass to the duo-species biofilms. Thus, PDZ-mediated aPDT was more effective in the inactivation of mono-species biofilms of Candida spp. compared with duo-species biofilm.