The teaching of the Nature of Science (NOS) is used as one of the ways for scientific literacy in citizens. Researches show the NOS role in the construction of science curricula, with emphasis on the Brazilian context. However, the same researchers also report the presence of inadequate conceptions of NOS in students of all levels of education. This fact points to the need for the elaboration of didactic proposals to problematize them, seeking the most appropriate educational content on the NOS. In this work, we investigate the conception of SILVA, B. V. C . A natureza da ciência pelos alunos do ensino médio: um estudo exploratório.