OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of surgical treatment of Scheuermann's disease by the posterior approach. METHOD: A descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study in which patients with Scheuermann's disease, treated surgically by the posterior approach at the Hospital de Traumatologia y Ortopedia [Hospital for Traumatology and Orthopedics] "Lomas Verdes" IMSS. The Cobb method was used to measure the kyphosis in all the patients, of T5-T12. The surgical technique used was vertebral shortening by the Ponte osteotomy technique, at the apex of the deformity, accompanied by transpedicular instrumentation and posterior arthrodesis. RESULTS: Five patients were included; three men and two women, with an average age of 16.6 years. The initial average kyphosis was 76º, which was corrected to 42º after surgery. Blood loss was 590 ml, with a surgery time of 3 hours. Three patients were submitted to neurophysiological monitoring. No neurological lesion was found. There was no loss of correction at 6 months of evolution. CONCLUSIONS: The vertebral shortening technique with posterior instrumentation eliminates the use of the anterior approach to release the anterior longitudinal ligament. Osteotomies by the Ponte technique make the spine more flexible, and together with pedicular instrumentation, correct the deformity and preserve the correction over time.

Objective: To determine the correlation between morbidity/mortality and the pre-surgical protocol in patients undergoing anterior cervical surgical approach. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study, in which 114 patients who underwent anterior cervical surgical approach were reviewed, divided into two groups: “Group A” Conventional Presurgical Protocol (CPP) and “Group B” Extended Presurgical Protocol (EPP). Statistical analysis used the IBM SPSS Statistics Base v.24 software. Results: We evaluated 114 patients, 35 from “Group A”, 79 from “Group B”, 83 (72.8%) with cervical myelopathy, 30 (26.3%) with cervicobrachialgia. “Group A” had 10 cases of respiratory failure, with 5 secondary to bronchial secretion, 2 secondary to cervical hematoma. “Group B” had 12 cases of respiratory failure, 3 secondary to bronchial secretion and 1 secondary to cervical hematoma. Conclusions: The extended presurgical protocol can be the answer to reduce complications by improving selection parameters of the candidate patient for a surgical procedure of the cervical spine. Level of Evidence III; Case-control studyg.

Objective: When a lumbar fractures developes a significant deformity, the sagittal balance is altered which can lead to clinical consequences. The aim of this study was to measure and analyze the sagittal balance in patients with lumbar fractures operated with posterior instrumentation after three months and analyze their correlation with the different variables of the patient and the fracture. Methods: Sixty-three medical records of patients with lumbar fracture operated with posterior instrumentation were analyzed, excluding those with previous spinal pathology, or inability to stand upright. The parameters of pelvic incidence, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, lumbar lordosis, lumbar lordosis/pelvic incidence (LL/ PI) ratio, as well as the pre and postoperative status of segmental kyphosis and residual pain were measured. Results: Eighteen women, 44 men, with mean age of 42 years, with lumbar fractures: 29 in L1, 19 in L2, 10 in L3, 3 in L4 and 1 in L5. AOSpine Clasification: 2 type A1, 2 type A2, 37 type A3, 19 type A4, 2 type B. All patients were operated with a transpedicular polyaxial system. More than 80% of patients with spinopelvic balance within parameters considered normal. More than 70% with lumbar lordosis and LL/PI ratio within parameters. All with improvement of segmental kyphosis (average correction of 8.5°, p<.000). Final mean VAS of 1.85. Conclusions: The posterior instrumentation with a polyaxial system allows acceptable corrections of the segmental kyphosis of lumbar fractures. No statistically significant correlation was found between sagittal balance parameters, and characteristics of the patient and fracture. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.