ResumenEl "CORE" es un concepto funcional que engloba la integración de tres sistemas cuyo óptimo funcionamiento garantiza la realización de tareas con una mayor efi cacia y seguridad a nivel raquídeo, permitiendo adecuados niveles de estabilidad y control del movimiento. En este sentido, a fi n de afrontar con éxito retos que demanden un control dinámico de la columna y la pelvis, el SNC debe aplicar estrategias diferentes, sopesando as fuerzas internas y externas con el fi n de proporcionar una respuesta muscular que permita un movimiento óptimo y resista cualquier posible perturbación. En el presente manuscrito se revisa de forma aplicada, las bases, atendiendo a la información disponible actualmente, de los mecanismos básicos de control motor y las posibles alteraciones en los mismos a ser considerados por los especialistas en ejercicio respecto a su intervención mediante programas de ejercicio para la mejora de la capacidad de estabilización raquídea. PALABRAS-CLAVE: Raquis; Estabilidad; Feedforward; Dolor lumbar.Se asume que el término CORE fue usado por primera vez por Richard H. Dominguez, Robert S. Gajda en su libro Total Body Training 1 . Etimológicamente CORE significa núcleo, centro o zona media. Desde el punto de vista de la actividad física el "CORE" hace referencia al complejo muscular situado en la parte central del cuerpo (región lumbo-pélvica) que incluye 29 músculos que estabilizan la columna vertebral y la región abdominal e incluye músculos del abdomen, espalda, parte posterior y anterior de la cadera, suelo pélvico y diafragma [2][3][4] . La acción conjunta de estas estructuras permite un adecuado control de la estabilidad corporal 5-6 y de la ejecución de tareas que realizan los miembros superiores e inferiores, de forma combinada o secuencial 5,[7][8] . Por lo tanto, más que un concepto puramente anatómico, debe ser entendido como un concepto funcional que engloba estructuras musculares, osteo-ligamentosas y de control neural relacionadas con la región mencionada 9 . En consecuencia, el entrenamiento del CORE constituye no solo un elemento central y clave para el desempeño de la mayoría de las actividades de la vida diaria (AVD), vida laboral (AVDL) y deportivas (AVDe), sino que también será condición necesaria para progresar en la utilización de ejercicios multiarticulares o aquellos que son ejecutados con elevadas resistencias. Para todas estas tareas el CORE es el centro de la cadena cinética funcional 10 . En la literatura existen amplios y destacables aportes en torno al entrenamiento del CORE, tanto desde una perspectiva rehabilitadora como desde el rendimiento deportivo, siendo mucha de esa información
Aims and scope of the seriesThe series 'Atlantis Computational Intelligence Systems' aims at covering state-of-the-art research and development in all fields where computational intelligence is investigated and applied. The series seeks to publish monographs and edited volumes on foundations and new developments in the field of computational intelligence, including fundamental and applied research as well as work describing new, emerging technologies originating from computational intelligence research. Applied CI research may range from CI applications in the industry to research projects in the life sciences, including research in biology, physics, chemistry and the neurosciences.All books in this series are co-published with Springer.For more information on this series and our other book series, please visit our website at: www.atlantis-press.com/publications/books. This book is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial license, meaning that copying, distribution, transmitting and adapting the book is permitted, provided that this is done for non-commercial purposes and that the book is attributed. This book, or any parts thereof, may not be reproduced for commercial purposes in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system known or to be invented, without prior permission from the Publisher.Printed on acid-free paper ForewordAlmost half a century has passed since the publication of the seminal paper by Prof. Lotfi A. Zadeh. Fifty years that have witnessed an impressive growth of fuzzy systems from both the theoretical and applied points of view. Impressive growth and at the same time following an unforeseen way, since as Prof. Zadeh has said many times, his expectations when writing his first paper on fuzzy sets in 1965 were that fuzzy sets would find its main applications in the realm of humanistic systems (economics, linguistics, psychology, etc.). Now the reality is that most of the success of fuzzy systems research (at least in its initial decades) was related to its application to mechanistic instead of humanistic systems. This book concentrates on modeling and control of mechanistic systems, as can be seen when reading the Table of Contents, first considering important theoretical aspects and then showing its application to quite interesting real-world problems.Any book on fuzzy modeling and control is somehow a tribute to those who paved the way for the topic. In this case, we need to consider three key persons and three related milestones in the history of fuzzy sets. First, the already mentioned Prof. Zadeh and his 1973 paper ''Outline of a New Approach to the Analysis of Complex Systems and Decision Processes,'' IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 3: 28-44 (1973), the paper where concepts as linguistic variable and fuzzy if-then rules took form, and at the same time, the paper that triggered the second hint in the road to build up the theory of fuzzy modeling and control. Ab...
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