Objectives: To relate the knowledge and attitudes of users with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), according to educational level and duration of disease. Methods: This was a quantitative, descriptive transversal study conducted in a Basic Health District Unit in the municipality of Ribeirão Preto, SP, in 2010. We interviewed 123 users with DM2, who met the inclusion criteria. For data collection we used: Knowledge Questionnaire (DKN-A) and Questionnaire of Psychological Attitudes about Diabetes (TA-19). Data were collected through direct interviews. For the analysis, we used the Fisher exact test. Results: The mean age was 63.87 ± 9.09 years, 4.54 ± 3.66 years of study, mean disease duration 11.18 ± 8.64 years. The education and disease duration were statistically signifi cant (p <0.01 and 0.02, respectively) for the acquisition of knowledge and readiness for self-care in diabetes. Conclusions: education and disease duration are variables that infl uence the knowledge and attitude of patients with DM2. RESUMENObjetivos: Relacionar el conocimiento y la actitud de usuarios con Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), conforme la escolaridad y el tiempo de la enfermedad. Métodos: Estudio de abordaje cuantitativo, descriptivo transversal realizado en una Unidad Básica Distrital de Salud del municipio de Ribeirão Preto, SP, en el 2010. Fueron entrevistados 123 usuarios con DM2, que reunían los criterios de inclusión. Para la recolección de los datos, fueron utilizados: Cuestionario de Conocimiento (DKN-A) y Cuestionario de Actitudes Psicológicas de la Diabetes (ATT-19). Los datos fueron obtenidos por medio de entrevista dirigida. Para el análisis, se utilizo el test Exacto de Fisher. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 63,87±9,09 años, 4,54±3,66 años de estudio, tiempo promedio de enfermedad 11,18±8,64 años. La escolaridad y el tiempo de enfermedad se mostraron estadísticamente signifi cativos (p<0,01 e 0,02, respectivamente) para la adquisición del conocimiento y prontitud para el autocuidado en Diabetes. Conclusiones: La escolaridad y el tiempo de enfermedad son variables que infl uyen en el conocimiento y actitud del paciente con DM2. Descriptores: Diabetes mellitus tipo 2; Conocimiento; Actitud; Escolaridad
Objective: Investigating the association between adherence to treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and sociodemographic, clinical and metabolic control variables. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 423 patients with diabetes mellitus. The Fisher's exact test and logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between adherence to treatment and the studied variables.Results: There was no association between adherence to treatment of T2DM and socio-demographic and clinical variables. It was found that total cholesterol and HbA1c were significantly associated with adherence to diet (p = 0.036) and exercise (p = 0.006). Conclusion: The chance of a patient with cholesterol within the recommended level adhering to diet is almost five times the chance of the patient in poor lipid control. The chance of patients with poor glycemic control adhering to exercise is almost twice the chance of those who keep adequate glycemic control. ResumoObjetivo: Investigar associação entre adesão ao tratamento do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e controle metabólico. Métodos: Desenho cross seccional com 423 portadores de diabetes mellitus. Para verificar a associação entre adesão ao tratamento e as variáveis estudadas, utilizou-se teste exato de Fisher e modelos de regressão logística. Resultados: Não houve associação entre adesão ao tratamento do DM2 e variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Verificou-se que o colesterol total e a HbA1c apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa com a adesão ao plano alimentar (p = 0.036) e de exercício físico (p = 0.006). Conclusão: A chance do paciente com colesterol dentro do valor recomendado apresentar adesão ao plano alimentar é quase cinco vezes a chance do paciente em mau controle lipídico. A chance dos pacientes com mau controle glicêmico apresentarem adesão ao exercício físico é quase duas vezes a chance daquele sem controle adequado da glicemia.
RESUMENEstudio transversal, cuyo objetivo fue analizar la adherencia al tratamiento farmacoló-gico y no farmacológico en 17 unidades de Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF). Participaron 423 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado en unidades de ESF de un municipio de Minas Gerais en el año 2010. Los resultados mostraron que la tasa de prevalencia de la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico fue superior a 60% en las 17 unidades investigadas; en relación a la actividad física, ésta fue superior a 60% en el 58,8% de las unidades; y para el plan de alimentación, no tuvo efecto en 52,9% de las unidades. Se concluye que: la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico fue alta en la mayoría de las unidades, la prác-tica de actividad física fue heterogénea y la adherencia a la dieta fue baja en todas las unidades. Se recomienda el fortalecimiento de las normas institucionales y estrategias educativas en consonancia con las directrices del SUS para hacer frente a los desafíos impuestos por la falta de adherencia. DESCRIPTORES Diabetes mellitusComplimiento de la medicación Salud de la Familia Evaluación en salud Atención Primaria de Salud RESUMOEstudo transversal que teve como objetivo analisar a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso e não medicamentoso em 17 unidades da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Participaram 423 pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 selecionados por meio de amostragem aleatória estratificada, nas unidades da ESF de um município do interior de Minas Gerais, em 2010. Os resultados mostraram que a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso foi superior a 60% nas 17 unidades investigadas; em relação à atividade física foi superior a 60% em 58,8% das unidades; entretanto, para o plano alimentar, foi nula em 52,9% das unidades. Conclui-se que a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso foi alta na maioria das unidades; a prática de atividade físi-ca foi heterogênea e, em relação ao plano alimentar foi baixa em todas as unidades. Recomenda-se o fortalecimento das diretrizes institucionais e estratégias educativas, em consonância com as diretrizes do SUS, para o enfrentamento dos desafios impostos pela falta de adesão. DESCRITORES Diabetes mellitus Adesão à medicaçãoSaúde da família Avaliação em saúde Atenção Primária à Saúde ABSTRACTThis cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the adherence to drug and non-drug treatments in 17 Family Health Strategy units. A total of 423 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected through stratified random sampling in Family Health Strategy units of a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2010. The results showed that the prevalence rate of adherence to drug therapy was higher than 60% in the 17 units investigated; in relation to physical activity, adherence was higher than 60% in 58.8% units; and for the diet plan, there was no adherence in 52.9% units. Therefore, we concluded that adherence to drug therapy in most units was high and the practice of physical activity was heterogeneous, and in relation to diet adher...
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March to November 2007 at a research and community services center of a Brazilian university. It aimed to explore the knowledge and attitude of people with diabetes mellitus who were attending a diabetes self-care education program. The sample was composed of 82 adults with diabetes mellitus. Data were collected through the Portuguese versions of the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKN-A) and the Diabetes Attitude Questionnaire (ATT-19). Results revealed that 78.05% of the participants obtained scores higher than eight on knowledge about diabetes, which indicates they have knowledge and understand the disease. Scores on attitude ranged from 25 to 71 suggesting difficulty in coping with the disease. We conclude that although participants obtained a good score on knowledge, their attitude did not change so as to more adequately cope with the disease.
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