. Purpose:  This study determined to assess the degree of agreement between anterior chamber depth (ACD) measurements obtained using three different devices and to analyse the relationship between ACD and spherical equivalent (SE) refraction. Methods:  In this cross‐sectional study, 42 eyes of 42 patients with a mean SE of − 4.69 ± 4.61 D (range 0.00 D to − 14.88 D) were analysed. Measurements of ACD between the corneal epithelium and the anterior surface of the crystalline lens, obtained using the Pentacam, Orbscan IIz and IOLMaster, were compared. The relationships between SE and ACD measurements obtained with different devices were also investigated. The results were analysed using Bland−Altman analyses, single‐sample t‐test and Pearson’s correlation test. Results:  Orbscan ACD measurements were an average of 0.05 mm less than Pentacam measurements (p = 0.01). IOLMaster measurements were an average of 0.06 mm less than Orbscan measurements (p < 0.001). None of the ACD values measured by any of the devices were correlated with increasing SE (p > 0.05 for all). There was a weak positive correlation between SE and the difference in ACD measurements with Pentacam and Orbscan (p = 0.04); however, the differences between Pentacam and IOLMaster ACD measurements and Orbscan and IOLMaster ACD measurements seemed to be independent of SE (p = 0.17 and p = 0.54, respectively). Conclusions:  The ACD in clinically normal eyes is measured differently by various non‐ultrasonic devices. However, the observed mean error between these modalities is too small to create any noticeable difference in refractive outcome. No significant relationship was found between SE and ACD measurements obtained by Pentacam, Orbscan or IOLMaster.

NAC is thought to increase FBUT and improve mucous fern pattern by blocking lipid peroxidation in chronic blepharitis.

Wearing Rigid High Gas-Permeable Contact Lens (RGPCL) is a primary method of vision rehabilitation in keratoconus eyes. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of using RGPCL on the topographical variations at the keratoconus progress. All patients had undergone ophthalmic examination including corneal topography, and their medical history and keratoconus characteristics were documented. Fifty-one eyes of those who wore RGPCL without any problems and 42 eyes of those who did not wear any lenses were evaluated retrospectively. It was accepted that the follow-up period was terminated when patients received any treatment or change lenses. The mean follow-ups were 36.5±12.7 and 38.4±14.6 months in the control and lens-wearing samples, respectively. The changes in topographic indices were compared from the baseline to the final visit. The difference between spectacle-best corrected visual acuity was not significant in both groups from baseline to final visit (p>0.05). In the RGPCL wearing group, apical keratometric power ( Kmax ) increased from mean 51.86±3.70 diopter (D) to 52.54±3.85 D at the sagittal map in the following period, but this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Similarly, in the control group, Kmax increased from mean 52.14±2.51 D to 52.94±3.02 D, and this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Lens-wearing and control group mean keratometry values increased from 47.36±1.7 D and 47.17±1.65 D to 47.94±2.05 D and 47.74±1.76 D, respectively (p>0.05). Pachymetry at the thinnest corneal point decreased significantly in both groups from baseline to final visit (p=0.008, p=0.01). In conclusion, the comfortable usage of RGPCL has no effect on the progression of keratoconus.

Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is still the most popular refractive surgery in the world. The aim of the study is to assess the long term clinical outcomes of LASIK in treating patients with different types of myopia. Pre- and postoperative distance visual acuity, refractive spherical equivalent (SE) and clinical examinations of dry eye disease were recorded. Values obtained at baseline and controls were compared with each other. While preoperative mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of low and moderate myopic patients was 0.1±0.07 on Snellen eye chart, and it was 0.86 ±0.11 at the 6th month and 0.92 ±0.05 at the 3rd year. At the last control examination, the percertages of manifest refractive SE in the range of ±0.50D and ±1.00D were 78.3%, 88.3%, respectively. The mean UDVA of high myopic patients was 0.03 ±0.02 preoperatively, and it was 0.84 ±0.16 at the 6th month and 0.69 ±0.21 at the 3rd year. UDVA at 3 years was significantly decreased compared with 6 month postoperatively.(p=0.01) At the last control examination of this group, the percentages of manifest refractive SE in the range of ±0.50D and ±1.00D were 48.3%, 66.1 %, respectively. These also decreased from 6 month to 3 years postoperatively.The mean tear break-up time and schirmer-1 values, which decreased in the postoperative first year visits of the patients, were close to the preoperative values at the last control. There were no statistically significant difference between the preoperative and 3rd year comparisons.(all p>0.05) In conclusion, LASIK is an effective and safe procedure in patient with myopia, preoperative higher SE is a predictor of low postoperative efficacy.

ınTroducTıonKeratoconus is a progressive noninflammatory disease, which is characterized by localized thinning and steepening and leads to protrusion of the cornea. This disease progression results in irregular astigma-