Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease characterized by epithelioid noncaseating granulomas associated with clinical and radiologic fi ndings. The cause of this disease is still uncertain. Sarcoidosis affects mostly lungs and lymph nodes and is not usually considered a urological disease, therefore, this etiology may be overlooked in several urological disorders, such as hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis. It affects all races and genders. This review aims to describe the urological manifestations of sarcoidosis and to elucidate how the disease may affect the management of numerous urological conditions.

To do a retrospective analysis of all patients with MND in our cohort who had an associated tumour.2) Verify if there is any correlation between treatment of the underlying tumour and improvement of MND in those patients. METHODSWe analysed through a 4-year retrospective study, from January 2013 to December 2016, the files of patients with an active MND (of every subtype) in our Hospital (N= 35). The hospital total referral population is 315 000 inhabitants. There was no need of approval of ethic committee due to being a retrospective study and no intervention was made. Clinical and electrophysiological examination (EMG) was performed in all patients. Awaji criteria 11 were applied for Clinical and Electrophysiological diagnosis of MND. An active search for a primitive tumour was made as part of the investigation for treatable causes of MND, according to EFNS 2012 Guidelines 12 . CASES REPORT/RESULTSA neoplastic process was found in four (11,4%) of our MND patients (table 1). Case 1 is a 55-year-old female, refered for breast tumorectomy and radiotherapy in 2005 due to invasive ductal breast cancer (IDBC), which was BRCA2 mutation-related. The IDBC ABSTRACT Introduction: Association between Motor Neuron Disease (MND) and neoplastic processes is rarely described. It is unclear whether MND occurs as a paraneoplastic syndrome. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 35 patients with MND followed in our Hospital from January 2013 to December 2016. Results: A neoplastic process was found in four patients. All of them had definite clinical and electromyographic criteria supporting MND according to standard Awaji criteria. Results: Onconeuronal antibodies were positive in two patients (anti-Yo and anti-PNMA2). The types of tumour were variable: two breast cancers, one lung cancer and one thyroid Hürthle cell neoplasm. Discussion: In our cohort, 11.4% of MND patients were diagnosed with a neoplastic process being a rather high frequency of co-occurrence. Treating the neoplastic process may potentially halt or reverse the progression of MND.