Perkembangan luas areal kelapa sawit di Indonesia setiap tahunnya cenderung meningkat. Sehingga terdapat banyak limbah biomassa tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) yang dihasilkan dari pabrik kelapa sawit. Salah satu teknologi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut yaitu teknologi pirolisis. Pirolisis adalah proses pembakaran tanpa oksigen untuk memproduksi Bio-oil, bio-char dan gas. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu terhadap Bio-oil, bio-char dan gas serta untuk mengetahui densitas, viskositas dan komposisi Bio-oil hasil dari pirolisis tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Pada penelitian ini digunakan variabel suhu pirolisis yaitu 500°C, 550°C dan 600°C. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan yield Bio-oil terbesar 45% pada suhu 600°C, yield gas terbesar 29,86% pada suhu 500°C dan yield bio-char terbesar 32,71% pada suhu 550°C. Nilai densitas dan viskositas Bio-oil secara berurutan yaitu 0,9938-1,0083 g/cm3 dan 3,8407-5,7456 Cst. Nilai kalor bio-char sebesar (5,5069x10-6- 5,7859x10-6) Kcal/Kg. Selain itu, berdasarkan uji GCMS komposisi Bio-oil didominasi oleh senyawa fenol dan dekanoit.Kata kunci: Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS), pirolisis, Bio-oil, bio-char, gas

Biodiesel is one of the solutions to future energy problems. One of the abundant biodiesel raw materials in Indonesia is soybean. This study aims to optimize the yield of biodiesel made from soybean oil by selecting the reactor design. This research method uses literature study and thermodynamic calculations from the transesterification reaction of soybean oil and methanol using a MgO catalyst to determine which type of reactor optimizes biodiesel yield. The type of reactor that can help optimize the yield of MgO biodiesel catalyst is a fluidized bed reactor type with an exothermic reaction and a negative Hf value. There is a higher product concentration than the reaction concentration in the scene because the rate constant is higher than one (K > 1), i.e. 1.312. The results of this study are expected to provide information in optimizing the yield of biodiesel from soybean oil.

This article aims to discuss the form of masculine domination in the role of women in facing the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, especially in the social, economic, and cultural fields found in Sotang’s Village, Tambakboyo District, Tuban Regency. Type of this research is descriptive qualitative. The research object was a housewife with a new profession as an onion cutter in the lower middle class environment. The housewife comes from a family affected by Covid-19. Data obtained through observation and semi-structured interviews. The thinking framework used is Pierre Bordieu's perspective on the masculine domination. The masculine domination that was found in the social practices of the Sotang’s Village during the Covid-19 pandemic included: (1) women and onion cutting jobs during the Covid-19 outbreak; (2) female onion cutters as mothers and teachers; (3) space contestation for women onion cutters; (4) poverty and women. The role of women in increasing economic capital cannot be exchanged for symbolic capital. The form of masculine domination followed by symbolic violence as a result of the persecution of women from the lower middle class in the  Sotang’s Village during the Covid-19 pandemic has become part of the strengthening of androcentric culture.

The formation of corn's lexicons in Javanese. This study aims to describe the constituent elements and the type of reference from corn's lexicons in Javanese. The type of this study is qualitative descriptive by using semantics theory approach. Methods of data collection are literature study and interview. The source of data comes from informant who's working as farmer in Sragen and Pemalang regency. The numbers of informants are three people in each regency. The data were analyzed by 'teknik pilah' followed by 'teknik hubung banding'. The results shows (1) the forming element of attributes are word and phrase, and (2) the type of reference consists of three categories, i.e. functions of maize plants, morphology of maize plants, and cultivation of maize plants.Abstrak: Pembentuk Atribut Leksikon Jagung dalam Masyarakat Tutur Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan unsur pembentuk dan referen leksikon jagung dalam masyarakat Jawa. Penelitian ini didesain dekriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori semantik. Metode pengumpulan data berupa studi pustaka dan wawancara. Data dari informan bersumber dari petani di Kabupaten Sragen dan Kabupaten Pemalang. Jumlah informan berjumlah tiga orang pada daerah masing-masing. Data dianalisis dengan teknik pilah yang dilanjutkan dengan teknik hubung banding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) unsur pembentuk atribut berupa kata dan frasa dan (2) jenis referen terdiri atas tiga kategori, yakni fungsi tanaman jagung, morfologi tanaman jagung, dan cara budi daya tanaman jagung.

Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) nanoparticles are widely applied in various fields and have the potential to be made on a fabrication scope. As a consequence, feasibility studies for generating industries for La2O3 production are required, particularly in developing countries. The purpose of this research was to evaluate and investigate the prospect of the production of La2O3 nanoparticles. This study was carried out to determine whether large-scale La2O3 production using solution combustion (SC) and hydrothermal supercritical water conditions (HSWC) is profitable or not.  The analysis method was evaluated based on economic evaluation parameters such as gross profit margin, payback period, and cumulative net present value, while also taking technical aspects into account by designing commercial tools.  An economic evaluation was made based on estimates of ideal conditions, such as tax increases, changes in raw materials, sales, workers' salaries, and utility costs. The results of the analysis show that the best method, and has great advantages, was the HSWC method. Based on an engineering perspective, this method produces 4.08 tons of La2O3 in 20 years of production. This study is expected to provide information on the production of La2O3 nanoparticles by comparing the solution combustion method and hydrothermal supercritical water conditions on an industrial scale.