The number of pneumonia cases in children under five years found in Surabaya city in 2016 was 3,925 cases (40.89%). The number of pneumonia cases in children under five years in Kenjeran sub district was highers with 232 cases. This study was purposed to analyze the relationship between house sanitation and airborne bacterial number with pneumonia cases in children under five years old in the Kenjeran sub district, Surabaya. This study was designed as a case control study using 12 cases and 12 controls as the samplers. This research was conducted in Kenjeran sub district and took place from May to November 2017. Statistical test was using by chi square and multivariate logistic regression. The results of the study was that the cases of p neumonia in children under five years old were birth weight (p=0,01), nutritional status (p=0,01), sanitation house (p=0,03) and airborne bacterial number (p=0,01). Multivariate logistic regression test results showed that significant variables were nutritional status and airborne bacterial number. Nutritional status have the significance 0.04 (p <α) with OR=15,00. Airborne bacterial number have the significance 0.04 (p <α) with OR=15,00. The conclusion of this study is nutritional status and airborne bacterial number are associated with pneumonia under five years old. It is highly suggested to improve the quality of home health and child care.
Rumah tangga atau keluarga merupakan tempat anak-anak untuk memaksimalkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serta memenuhi gizi mereka, guna menciptakan kualitas sumber daya manusia unggul dan menjadi pendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi Negara yang akan datang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor karakteristik sosial ekonomi rumah tangga, keragaman makanan, dan lingkungan hidup serta pengaruhnya terhadap status gizi balita di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dan menggunakan data sekunder dari Indonesia Family Live Survey (IFLS) gelombang 5 (IFLS5). IFLS merupakan survei longitudinal dari sampel acak sekitar 83% penduduk di Indonesia pada tahun 1993. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah anak berusia 0-60 bulan (balita) yang berjumlah 4.670 balita. Metode penelitian menggunakan Model Regresi Multinomial Logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi balita dipengaruhi oleh pendapatan keluarga, pendidikan ibu, jenis kelamin balita, wilayah tempat tinggal, akses pada air minum dan sanitasi yang baik. Kesimpulannya adalah pendidikan ibu sangat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tiga status gizi balita, yaitu gizi buruk, gizi kurang, maupun gizi lebih.
Masalah status gizi balita di Indonesia cukup memprihatinkan. Faktor predisposisi yang menjadi penyebab masalah ini masih sangat sedikit diketahui. Pendekatan teori Health Belief Model (HBM) diharapkan dapat menjelaskan faktor-faktor orangtua yang berhubungan dengan status gizi anak usia dibawah lima tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu, pola pemberian makan, dan pendapatan keluarga terhadap status gizi anak usia di bawah lima tahun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 189 responden dan sampel berjumlah 65 responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel persepsi kerentanan yang dirasakan (perceived susceptibility) yang berhubungan dengan status gizi anak di bawah usia lima tahun yaitu pengetahuan (p = 0.034), pola pemberian makan (p = 0.008), dan pendapatan keluarga (p = 0.004). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan persepsi kerentanan yang dirasakan (perceived susceptibility) yaitu pengetahuan, pola pemberian makan dan pendapatan keluarga dengan status gizi anak usia di bawah lima tahun.
The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the economic sectors that excel in any category of contribution and growth; (2) the sector that can create jobs to the maximum; (3) The most efficient sectors to be developed; and (4) sectors with potential to absorb labor maximum is agriculture, livestock, forestry and fisheries; the construction sector; trade, hotels and restaurants; and transport and communications; (3) an efficient sector to be developed in the town of Kediri, namely agriculture, livestock, forestry and fisheries; transport and communications; the financial sector, real estate and business services; and the services sector; (4) based on (3) an efficient sector to be developed in the town of Kediri, namely agriculture, livestock, forestry and fisheries; transport and communications; the financial sector, real estate and business services; and the services sector; (4) based on the growth pattern of each sector there is no sector that is advancing and growing rapidly or quadrant I, the sector that includes quadrant II is a sector forward but stressed that is manufacturing sector, quadrant III potential sectors there are mining and quarrying, trade, hotels and restaurants, and the services sector, while the five other sectors is relatively lagging sector.
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