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Background During sprouting angiogenesis, stalk cells, localized behind tip cells, generate endothelial cells (ECs) for the elongation of new vessels. We hypothesized that stalk cells may have endothelial progenitor cell properties because of their highly proliferative ability. We conducted Hoechst dye DNA staining in ECs of preexisting blood vessels from hind limb muscle and found that endothelial-side population (E-SP) cells, which efflux Hoechst rapidly with abundant ABC transporters, show highly producing ability of ECs. We previously showed the existence of E-SP cells in hind limb muscle, retina, and liver, but not in other tissues such as adipose tissue, skin, and placenta. Methods We investigated the existence of E-SP cells and analyzed their proliferative ability among CD31 + CD45 − ECs from adipose tissue, skin, and placenta of adult mice. We also analyzed the neovascular formation of E-SP cells from adipose tissue in vivo. Results We detected E-SP cells in all tissues examined. However, by in vitro colony formation analysis on OP9 cells, we found that E-SP cells from adipose tissue and skin, but not from placenta, have highly proliferative ability. Moreover, E-SP cells from adipose tissue could contribute to the neovascular formation in hind limb ischemia model. Conclusion The adipose tissue and skin are available sources to obtain endothelial stem cells for conducting therapeutic angiogenesis in regenerative medicine.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute inflammatory lung injury, characterized by increased pulmonary capillary endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells permeability leading to respiratory failure in the absence of cardiac failure. Despite recent advances in treatments, the overall mortality because of ARDS remains high. Biomarkers may help to diagnose, predict the severity, development, and outcome of ARDS in order to improve patient care and decrease morbidity and mortality. This review will focus on soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products, soluble tumor necrosis factor-receptor 1, Interluken-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, which have a greater potential based on recent studies.

Tujuan: Sejak Desember 2019, COVID-19 telah menjadi masalah global yang menyebabkan ratusan ribu kasus kematian di seluruh dunia. Tantangan utama penanganan wabah baru ini adalah keterbatasan data terkait variasi temuan klinis dan epidemiologisnya. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk memperkaya pengetahuan mengenai COVID-19 dengan mengevaluasi kasus COVID-19 ringan pada tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia.Metode: Dilaporkan seorang dokter laki-laki berusia 31 tahun yang dirawat karena pneumonia ringan, dengan hasil swab test SARS-CoV-2 positif.Hasil: Pada kasus ini, estimasi periode inkubasi adalah 2 hari. Pasien menunjukkan gejala penyakit saluran nafas atas ringan tanpa adanya gejala pneumonia yang signifikan, namun terdapat pneumonia ringan yang dikonfirmasi dengan adanya demam dan infiltrat paru pada pemeriksaan radiologis. Meskipun gejala yang ditunjukkan ringan, pasien mengalami reaksi sistemik yang kompleks, tergambar dari adanya trombositopenia dan peningkatan enzim transaminase. Pasien adalah seorang tenaga medis yang diduga terpapar SARS-CoV-2 saat menangani PDP COVID-19 tanpa alat pelindung diri (APD) yang memadai.Kesimpulan: Pada pasien dengan gejala COVID-19 ringan, reaksi sistemik yang kompleks serta gangguan pada organ pernapasan mungkin telah terjadi. Penggunaan APD yang adekuat pada tenaga kesehatan sangat penting untuk mencegah penularan virus dari pasien.