1Este é um artigo de acesso aberto distribuído sob os termos da Licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO, que permite o uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que o trabalho original seja devidamente citado. Não são permitidas modificações ou uso comercial dos artigos. Em qualquer reprodução do artigo, não deve haver nenhuma sugestão de que a OPAS ou o artigo avaliem qualquer organização ou produtos específicos. Não é permitido o uso do logotipo da OPAS. Este aviso deve ser preservado juntamente com o URL original do artigo. Os eventos adversos pós-vacinação (EAPV) são ocorrências clínicas indesejadas ou não intencionais que ocorrem após a vacinação, sem que haja necessariamente uma relação causal com o uso da vacina ou outro imunobiológico (1). Eventos desse tipo podem envolver um sintoma, uma doença ou um achado laboratorial anormal. Podem também ser relacionados à composição da vacina, à técnica usada em sua administração, aos próprios indivíduos vacinados -sendo a predisposição genética individual um importante fator no desenvolvimento de algumas desordens após a vacinação -, ou à coincidência com outros agravos (1-4).
Análise do Sistema deOs EAPV não graves são mais frequentes e causam manifestações clínicas de leves a moderadas no local ou próximo ao sítio de administração da vacina (5-7).
RESUMO
Objetivo. Descrever as características das notificações de eventos adversos pós-vacinação (EAPV) no Sistema de Informação da Vigilância de EAPV (SI-EAPV) on-line nos primeiros 2 anos de operação do sistema.
Método. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo dos registros de EAPV notificados no SI-EAPV
Palavras-chaveVacinação; sistemas de informação; epidemiologia descritiva; saúde pública; Brasil.
Measles is a highly contagious and vaccine-preventable viral disease that usually manifests with high fever, rash and cough or conjunctivitis or coryza, and can lead to complications such as blindness, encephalitis or death [1]. In 2016, the Region of the Americas was declared as free of the endemic transmission of the measles virus [2].However, as the measles virus has been circulating worldwide, it is imperative that countries reach the target of 95% coverage of measles-containing vaccine [3].In February 2018, the last outbreak of measles in Brazil beganan outbreak has started in Brazil, where the last autochthonous cases had been registered in 2000. As of 248 JanuaryOctober 20198, 10,3022,044 cases of the disease were confirmed, of which 9,8031,629 were registered in the state of Amazonas,
We report an ongoing measles outbreak in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil. As at 3 November 2018, 1,631 cases were confirmed corresponding to an incidence of 75.3 per 100,000 inhabitants; all five sanitary districts presented confirmed cases. Reintroduction of measles virus in Manaus is likely related to the current outbreak in Venezuela and due to recent decline in measles vaccine coverage. Given the current scenario, prevention and control measures should target individuals aged 15–29 years.
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan that has great genetic diversity and is prevalent worldwide. In 2018, an outbreak of toxoplasmosis occurred in Santa Maria, Brazil, which was considered the largest outbreak ever described in the world. This paper describes the isolation and molecular characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from the placenta of two pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis who had live births and were receiving treatment for toxoplasmosis during the outbreak. For this, placental tissue samples from two patients underwent isolation by mice bioassay, conventional PCR and genotyping using PCR-RFLP with twelve markers. Both samples were positive in isolation in mice. The isolate was lethal to mice, suggesting high virulence. In addition, the samples were positive in conventional PCR and isolates submitted to PCR-RFLP genotyping presented an atypical genotype, which had never been described before. This research contributes to the elucidation of this great outbreak in Brazil.
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