-Cerebral hemiatrophy or Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is a condition characterized by seizures, facial asymmetry, contralateral hemiplegia or hemiparesis, and mental retardation. These findings are due to cerebral injury that may occur early in life or in utero. The radiological features are unilateral loss of cerebral volume and associated compensatory bone alterations in the calvarium, like thickening, hyperpneumatization of the paranasal sinuses and mastoid cells and elevation of the petrous ridge. The authors describe three cases. Classical findings of the syndrome are present in variable degrees according to the extent of the brain injury. Pathogenesis is commented.KEY WORDS: Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome, brain atrophy, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance image.Achados radiológicos na síndrome de Dyke-Davidoff-Masson: relato de três casos e contribuição para patogênese e diagnóstico diferencial RESUMO -Hemiatrofia cerebral ou síndrome de Dyke-Davidoff-Masson é entidade clínica caracterizada por convulsões, assimetria facial , hemiparesia ou hemiplegia contralateral e déficit cognitivo. Estes achados estão relacionados a lesão cerebral ocorrida na infância ou in utero. As características radiológicas são hemiatrofia cerebral e alteracões ósseas no crânio, como espessamento, hiperpneumatização dos seios paranasais e células da mastóide e elevação do ápice da pirâmide petrosa. Descrevemos três casos com achados clássicos da síndrome discutindo aspectos fisiopatológicos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: síndrome de Dyke-Davidoff-Masson, atrofia cerebral, tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética.
Five patients with breast myiasis underwent mammography, and three also underwent ultrasonography (US). Mammography revealed indistinct masses in all patients, with associated pairs of microcalcifications in three. US showed each larva as a fusiform hyperechoic mass surrounded by a hypoechoic halo, which included larval movement in one patient. These imaging features of breast myiasis facilitate correct diagnosis.
RESUMO -A hipertensão arterial sistêmica representa um dos principais fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares que são a principal causa de morte em nosso meio. Hipertensos que frequentam hospital terciário apresentam elevada co-morbidade incluindo distúrbios psiquiátricos. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a morbidade psiquiátrica em hipertensos graves. Este estudo foi realizado em ambulatório geral de hospital terciário: 41 pacientes (26 mulheres e 15 homens) foram submetidos a consulta médica com aplicação do PRIME-MD, um questionário específico para diagnóstico de alterações psiquiátricas a ser realizado pelo clínico. A frequência de distúrbios psiquiátricos diferiu em homens e mulheres: 63,4% das mulheres na pesquisa apresentavam algum tipo de distúrbio contra 36,6% dos homens (p=0,012). A maior parte dos diagnósticos foi de distúrbios do humor representados pela depressão associada ou não a distúrbios ansiosos. A média de idade dos pacientes com distúrbio psiquiátrico foi 47,1 anos contra 59,3 anos dos pacientes sem distúrbio psiquiátrico (p=0,0049), mostrando a presença dos distúrbios psiquiátricos em pacientes mais jovens. Outros fatores pesquisados, como a pressão arterial sistólica, a pressão arterial diastólica e índice de massa corpórea não apresentaram diferenças em função dos distúrbios psiquiátricos apresentados. Concluímos que há grande co-morbidade psiquiátrica em hipertensos que frequentam ambulatórios de hospital terciário e que esses distúrbios são mais frequentes em mulheres e em pacientes jovens. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: hipertensão arterial sistêmica, distúrbio psiquiátrico, depressão, ansiedade, comorbidade. Hypertension and psychiatric morbidity: a tertiary care setting experienceABSTRACT -Arterial hypertension is one of the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the main cause of death in Brazil. Hypertensive patients that have treated in tertiary care hospitals have shown elevated co-morbidity including psychiatric disturbances. Our objective is to study psychiatric co-morbidity among severe hypertensive patients. This study was performed in an out-patient clinic of tertiary medical care setting. Fortyone patients were enrolled in this research (26 women, 15 men). They were submitted to a clinical interview and answering the PRIME-MD, a specific questionnaire for diagnosis of psychiatric disturbances (by a general practitioner). Frequencies of psychiatric disturbances were different in men and women: 63.4% of the women in this study showed some type of psychiatric disturbance versus 36.6% of men (p=0.012). The majority of the diagnosis were mood disturbances, mainly depression associated or not with anxious disturbances. Mean age of psychiatric disturbance patients was 47.1 years versus 59.3 years in the patients without psychiatric disturbances (p=0.0049), showing the presence of psychiatric disturbances in younger patients. Other factors as systolic arterial blood pressure, diastolic arterial blood pressure and body mass index did not show any differences associated w...
A preference for prescription of expensive drugs for hypertension was detected in this sample in Brazil. This does not agree with major guidelines, mainly the V-JNC, which suggest thiazides and betablockers as first choice drugs for hypertensives with no complications or associated comorbidity.
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