The process of organizational democracy involves a process of associating employees’ participation and satisfaction in business processes, increased innovation, increased stakeholder engagement and ultimately increased organizational performance. Organizations and the people that form the organization adapt democracy to achieve social and economic goals by making use of the blessings of democracy. In this way, they aim to reach their goals and to include all members of the organization in the process while achieving these goals, and to sustain the stability. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the democracy perceptions of blue and white collar employees in the private sector through organizational democracy scales, by using various variables and to contribute to the existing literature. The sample of the study constitutes 209 people, white and blue collar employees at various levels in medium and large scale enterprises in the Manisa Organized Industrial Zone in Turkey. As a result of the study, it is seen that married employees and employees who think that their expertise in the job is good have the power to criticize their businesses and exhibit participation. In addition, it has been concluded that employees that are high school graduates see management fairer in terms of salary than other graduates. Another finding in the study is about the size of the pre-work life centers of the workplace. Perceptions and attitudes of the people living in metropolitan and provincial center metros before work observed that more equality was observed in the workplaces than those living in the district centers.

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PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the dynamic relationship between working capital management and firm profitability for a sample of firms from eight European Union (EU) countries for the period 2006–2015.Design/methodology/approachThe panel regression model is used in the study. Firm profitability is measured using the return on assets (ROA) ratio, whilst cash conversation cycle, financial leverage, size, tangibility and cash flow ratio are used as independent variables. The novelty of this study is the use of cash flow ratio to develop the analysis firms by dividing them as healthy and nonhealthy.FindingsThe paper reveals that working capital management affects firm profitability, and a positive relationship exists between them. The paper shows differences of working capital management and firm profitability across countries. The striking result of this study is that an inverted U-shape relationship exists between working capital management and firm profitability. Whereas the findings suggest that firms should be as close as possible to the optimal length of cash cycle to increase profitability, and managers should give a priority to working capital optimization.Originality/valueThe authors consider results of this study relevant to both researchers and business policymakers in the field of working capital management policies.

Due to the specificity of transport services that are being performed with an unambiguous impact on the environment and society, all activities of transport enterprises oriented towards the achievement of the sustainability goals are more visible than in the case of other enterprises. Consequently, the growing need for sustainability increases not only the costs of individual transport services but also the total costs of a transport enterprise. Indisputably, the costs affect the pricing, which leads to the final market prices. On the one hand, they can increase the prices, but on the other hand, they decrease the enterprise’s competitiveness and its success in the market at the same time. Even though the cost-based pricing is essential, it is not sufficient under these circumstances. Based on the objectives stated above, the primary aim of this paper is to emphasize that the creation of prices in a transport enterprise must consider the global aspects of the enterprise’s performance as a prerequisite for its competitiveness. The results include proposing several variants of corporate performance measurement that are relevant and supported by a literature review of the current knowledge on the topic, an analysis of internal documents from a particular freight-transport enterprise, and structured interviews with the managers. Subsequently, the model proposed can be used by managers of transport enterprises in their decision-making process.

In the conditions of a digitalized and sustainable economy, a smart decision is focused on all demand aspects regarding: the product demand, the quality demand, and the elements of national and international bodies able to ensure the criteria of economic integrity on the European Markets. These aspects represent a set of challenges and indicate the smart component of the management decision assisted by reliable economic models. The present work aims to develop such a model applied to the wheat seed production starting from the study of the specialized literature and using empirical methods. The analysis covers 2016–2020. The main objective of the study is the combination of the information from the observational study to obtain the smart decision model. The study results in the smart model of managerial decision, which represents a real necessity for managers, considering the challenges to which they are subjected. The proposed model in the paper can be used for all types of seeds across the EU and not only. The implementation of the present study by the authors validates the proposed model.