No abstract

The nutritional quality of edible portions from certain kinds of pigeons that exist in Egypt was studied by determining their biochemical composition and by biological evaluation. Pigeon meats are in general fatty. They have a high energy value and contain all essential amino acids in amounts and proportions required by the human body. They are excellent sources for vitamins and minerals particularly B1, B2, calcium, phosphorus and iron. The nutritive value of pigeon proteins is rather good. No significant differences were encountered due to variations of type or sex.Lack of protein foods is certainly one of the most serious nutritional shortages which has bad consequences on the health of people and their physical capabilities in developing countries, where approximately 80 % of protein consumed come from plant products compared to only 30 % in western industrial countries [l 11. The average consumption of animal protein in Egypt is about 11 g/head . day. This can be increased if attention is given to increasing production and consumption of animal foods other than meat such as the small livestock and poultry. Their ability for rapid reproduction is in favour of the spread of poultry breeding in many areas of the world. Pigeon meat is economical, easily prepared and served. Its meat fibres are tender, easy to digest, blends well with seasoning and other foods giving a desirable mild flavor.Pigeons are one type of poultry. No much studies were carried out on pigeon meats. This is most probably due to the fact that pigeon meats are not accepted as a food and are not consumed in foreign cultures. In Egypt it is a habit to eat pigeon meat rather frequently. In foreign countries pigeons may be used as experimental animals.-Columba Livia: Known in Egypt with its two types: Columba Livia Sucumbery and Columba Livia Gadia. Their meats are not acceptable as a food in the Egyptian culture.-Columba Domestica: Its meats are an acceptable food in the Egyptian culture. It has many types known in Egypt. Three of them were selected for this study: Balady, Reomy and Malty pigeons.The biochemical composition of the last three types of pigeons existing in Egypt were studied in relation to three main variables: type, age and sex. The biological evaluation of the proteins of Balady and Reomy pigeons were also studied.Two main kinds of pigeons are known to exist which are:

Thermomonospora sp. T-SA-125 is a true thermophilic actinomycete isolated from a soil sample collected from the Saudi Arabian desert. It is characterized by the formation of single spores at the tips of dichotomously branched aerial mycelium and differs from Thermomonospora curvata and T. viridis in certain aspects. It produces a basic water-soluble antibiotic which is active against Gram-positive bacteria, moderately active against Gram-negative bacteria and inactive against fungi. At high concentrations, this antibiotic, stimulated the growth of both Hordeum coleoptile and lettuce hypocotyl.

Pyrimidine synthesis in Bacillus subtilis PCI-219 cells was the primary site of action of the antibiotic gluconimycin as indicated by its arresting the activity of aspartate carbamoyltransferase as well as accumulation of aspartic acid in cultures fortified with gluconimycin. Microbial growth and viable counts were suppressed by the antibiotic whereas glycolysis and aerobic respiration were insignificantly affected. Gluconimycin failed to induce a lytic effect on cell protoplasts while considerable amounts of substances absorbing at 260 nm were released from microbial cells treated with gluconimycin.