Young adults and racial/ethnic minorities report the worst mental health outcomes during the COVID19 pandemic, according to the Center for Disease Control (2020). The objectives of this study were (1) to identify common mental health symptoms among Latin American, US Hispanic, and Spanish college students, and (2) to identify clinical features predictive of higher post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among this population. The study sample included 1,113 college students from the USA, Mexico, Chile, Ecuador, and Spain who completed an online survey containing demographic questions and mental health screeners. Findings revealed higher scores of depression, suicidality, and PTSS compared to pre-pandemic levels and current scores by non-Spanish speaking college students; however, less than 5% of participants endorsed clinical levels of anxiety. After controlling for demographic profiles and sociocultural values, clinical symptoms of depression, loneliness, perceived stress, anxiety, and coping strategies explained 62% of the PTSS variance. Age, history of mental illness, perceived social support, and familism were not significant predictors. This sample of college students revealed higher mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. The high prevalence of PTSS highlights the need to develop pragmatic, cost-effective, and culturally sensitive prevention and intervention strategies to mitigate these symptoms. Implications for college administrators and clinicians are discussed.
An expeditious synthesis of indolinone bound to pyrrole starting from isatin and 4-hydroxyproline via a molecular iodine-catalyzed reaction is described. A mechanism is postulated that describes the formation of ylide and zwitterion intermediates. It is suggested that iodine can catalyze several spontaneous processes.
Assessment of social and psychological functioning and well-being can add valuable information to immigration proceedings and support government agencies in providing adequate care to immigrants seeking legal relief. However, at present, no guidelines exist for psychologists or mental health clinicians completing psychological evaluations for the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and other immigrant-serving entities. These evaluations involve several complexities and risks. Professionals performing such evaluations serve a population in a state of vulnerability, and the outcomes of these evaluations contribute to important decisions for the lives of these individuals as well as their families. In view of this, a task force, rising out of the Undocumented Immigrant Collaborative Special Interest Group, was formed at the 2018 National Latinx Psychological Association (NLPA) convention. The mission of the task force was to delineate appropriate guidelines for the field which are presented here. These guidelines for psychologists and other mental health clinicians completing these types of psychological evaluations intend to provide a framework and promote quality and consistency on immigration-related evaluations. Guidelines are provided as a wellsupported practical guidance for the practice of forensic psychological assessments (i.e., the evaluation answers a psycholegal question) and forensic-adjacent assessments (i.e., the evaluation is conducted on an individual in immigration court proceedings) conducted for USCIS and other immigrant-serving entities. This document begins with a brief discussion of foundational issues inherent to immigration evaluations and then presents the nine most essential guidelines the task force identified for working with immigrant populations. This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly.
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