Introdução: O câncer de mama é um problema de saúde pública não só em países subdesenvolvidos, como é o caso do Brasil, mas também nos desenvolvidos, como Estados Unidos e alguns países da Europa Ocidental. A frequência de distribuição dos diferentes tipos de câncer é variável em função das características de cada região, o que enfatiza a necessidade do estudo das variações geográficas, dos fatores de risco e dos padrões dessa doença que perpassam pelas particularidades regionais. Objetivo: O presente estudo descreve o perfil epidemiológico das pacientes atendidas no hospital de referência em oncologia da região Norte do país e determina as variáveis de interesse clínico e epidemiológico que se relacionam aos fatores de risco na ocorrência do câncer de mama. Métodos: O estudo é transversal e descritivo, realizado por meio de entrevista e análise de prontuários clínicos de 114 pacientes atendidas no Hospital Ophir Loyola entre os anos de 2016 e 2017, no município de Belém, no estado do Pará. Os dados foram apresentados em forma de frequências absoluta e relativa. Resultados: A maioria das mulheres pesquisadas era parda, com média de idade de 51 anos, encontrava-se acima do peso e apresentava baixa escolaridade. Um pouco mais da metade era natural do interior do estado, e a maioria era procedente da região metropolitana de Belém, 42% delas vinham do interior e apenas 11% residiam em zona rural. A média de tempo entre a suspeita clínica e a confirmação diagnóstica foi de quase 13 meses. A classificação histopatológica de maior frequência foi carcinoma ductal invasivo e o perfil imunohistoquímico de maior ocorrência foi o luminal B, seguido de luminal A. Conclusões: O sobrepeso, considerado fator de risco para o câncer de mama, é passível de modificação, o que evidencia a importância de ações de esclarecimento sobre detecção precoce, conhecimento da doença e incentivo à prática de exercício físico e alimentação saudável, a fim de reduzir a morbidade e mortalidade, melhorando o prognóstico das mulheres acometidas por essa patologia.
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent cancer worldwide. It is known that a subset of BC has amplification, and overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and high expression of the insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) are correlated with a favorable prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive values of the EGFR and IGF-1R in tumor samples from patients with BC and their correlation with socio-epidemiological features. Patients and Methods: We analyzed socio-epidemiological, clinical-pathological data and tumor tissues from 124 patients with BC undergoing treatment, to assess levels of EGFR and IGF-1R mRNA and protein. The predictive performance included the calculation of areaunder-the-curve (AUC) to discriminate groups of patients with high and low mRNA expression associated with survival analysis within each molecular group of BC. Results: We found a significant expression increase (p <0.001) in EGFR associated with body mass index, angiolymphatic invasion, compromised lymph nodes and follow-up in 58.1% of the triple-negative and HER overexpression tumors. The increase in IGF-IR was significant (p <0.001) in 41.9% of luminal tumors A and B. ROC analysis showed that EGFR had a higher predictive performance (AUC = 0.891) than IGF-1R (AUC = 0.60). The Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that only the high expression of EGFR was associated with a decreased probability of survival for patients, what did not happen with IGF-1R. Conclusion:Our results suggest that EGFR and IGF-1R expression patterns associated with the clinical characteristics of patients and biological profile influenced the evolution of BC.
Palavra-chaves: câncer de mama, imunohistoquímica, tratamento oncológico. ABSTRACT reast cancer is a public health problem, not only in underdeveloped countries, as is the case in Brazil, but also in developed countries, such as the United States and in some Western European countries. The frequency of distribution of the different types of cancer varies according to the characteristics of each region, which emphasizes the need to study geographic variations, risk factors and patterns of this disease that pervade regional particularities. Objective: The present study describes the immunohistochemical profile and treatments of patients treated at the oncology reference hospital in the northern region of the country. Method: The study is cross-sectional and descriptive, conducted through interviews and analysis of clinical records of 114 patients treated at Hospital Ophir Loyola, between the years 2016 and 2017, in the city of Belém, in the state of Pará. Data were presented in the form of absolute and relative frequency. Results: The most frequent histopathological classification was invasive ductal carcinoma and the most frequent immunohistochemical profile was luminal B, followed by luminal A. Conclusion: The most common histological type was infiltrative ductal carcinoma and the most prevalent immunohistochemistry was luminal B which are directly associated with poor prognosis, which highlights the importance of clarification actions on early detection, knowledge of the disease and encouraging the practice of physical exercise and healthy eating, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality, improving the prognosis of affected women for this pathology.
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