✓ From the analysis of 648 patients operated on for ruptured cervical discs between 1939 and March of 1972 and a follow-up study of 380 of these patients, the following conclusions seem justified. Osteophytes or hypertrophic spurs rarely produced the classical clinical picture or deficits. Ninety per cent of the patients awakened in the morning with pain in the neck and rhomboid region. Ten per cent had a history of injury, but there was no characteristic pattern as in lumbar discs. Only one patient had a typical hyperextension injury. Anterior chest pain occurred in one-fifth of the cases. Pain in the neck, rhomboid region, and anterior chest was referred from the discs, while the arm pain was usually the result of nerve root compression; however, in a few cases the degenerating disc caused referred pain to the arm without any nerve root pressure. Since accurate diagnosis can be made on clinical grounds, myelography is not necessary in most cases. In our experience conservative treatment was usually unsuccessful while the surgical results were better than in almost any other neurosurgical operation. The nerve root syndromes associated with extruded lateral cervical discs are outlined and the indications and contraindications for myelography discussed.

The records of 88 patients with intraparenchymal brain abscess treated during 1946-1971 were reviewed. The incidence of brain abscess did not decline significantly during this period. The overall mortality rate was 36.4%, and the operative mortality rate 29.1%. The most frequent findings were alteration of consciousness, headache, and elevated peripheral white blood cell count; fever, hemiparesis, seizures, neck stiffness, nausea and vomiting, and papilledema were less common. Lumbar puncture was a definite threat to the patient with a brain abscess. Ventriculography appeared slightly superior to angiography in accurately localizing the site of the abscess. There was a close correlation between the preoperative level of consciousness and the operative mortality rate. With the aid of Thorotrast, simple aspiration or drainage was superior to excision; when Thorotrast was not used, excision produced better results. The rate of postoperative seizure disorder was similar regardless of the type of treatment. The operative mortality rate and the postoperative neurological sequelae were less for intracerebellar abscesses than for intracerebral abscesses. KEY WORDSbrain abscess lumbar puncture 9 ventriculography Tborotrast surgical treatment

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