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BACKGROUND Reducing the negative effects of chilling injury (CI) in tomatoes after harvest is essential to ensure good quality and to minimize losses. CI is a postharvest disorder associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the fruit. Therefore, antioxidant accumulation can counteract ROS, alleviating CI symptoms. In this sense, it has been confirmed that a brief hot‐water (HW) immersion promotes the synthesis of antioxidants. RESULTS HW treatment at 52 °C for 5 min significantly reduced chilling‐associated decay, from 66.7% to 17.2% in breaker turning (BT) and from 55.8% to 9.8% in mature green (MG) ‘BHN‐602’ tomatoes stored at 5 °C for 2 weeks and from 26.7% to 6.7% in BT tomatoes stored at 5 °C for 1 week. Also, HW treatment significantly increased lycopene content by 17% in BT tomatoes stored at 5 °C for 2 weeks, as well as ascorbic acid by 11%, lipophilic phenolics by 18% and total phenolics by 6.5% in BT tomatoes stored at 12.5 °C for 1 week. Despite the increase of antioxidants, HW treatment did not enhance the sensory aromatic profile, color and antioxidant capacity. Interestingly, HW treatment reduced ripening time by 3 days in MG tomatoes stored at 5 °C for 2 weeks or at 12.5 °C for 1 week. CONCLUSION HW treatment applied to MG or BT ‘BHN‐602’ tomatoes can alleviate the development of some CI symptoms, particularly decay, possibly by increasing antioxidants that scavenge ROS. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

Controlled postharvest stresses were used to induce the synthesis of carotenoids in tomato fruit. The accumulation of carotenoids was observed by the change of color of the tomato fruit from green to red. This change of color was monitored by the a* value and hue of the CIELAB* color coordinates in which the a* value increased following a sigmoidal curve and hue decreased in a similar trend. This sigmoidal curve marked the transition from chloroplasts to chromoplasts; in other words, the change of color tracked the disorganization or degreening, which was simultaneously accompanied by chromoplast biogenesis or red color development when tomatoes were at the Turning stage of development. The color data and photographic images provides information on how heat stress affected the synchronicity of chloroplast disorganization and chromoplast biogenesis in the early developmental stages of tomato ripening.

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The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of parasitic zoonosis with ocular localization, diagnosed in the Institute of Ophthalmology (INO), which belongs to the Ministry ofHealth (MINSA) in Lima-Peru, between 1985 to 1999. The analysis of 4,843 histopathology records submitted to the Laboratory of Ocular Pathology between the years 1985 and 1999, showed that 0.47 ± 0.002% (23/4,843) corresponded to parasitic zoonosis; where the suggestive lesions of leishmaniosis, toxocaríosis andocularcysticercosis hada frequency of 34.8 ±0.19%, 30.4±0.19% and 17.4±0.15%, respectively. While the analysis carried out with 1,306 clinical records of patients who went to the U vea Service ofthe same institute between the years 1988 and 1999 showed that 22.3 ± 0.02% (291/1,306) suffered from sorne type of parasitic zoonosis being the · most frequent the uveitis dueto toxoplasma (88.7 ± 0.04% ), toxocariosis and the ocular cysticercosis (10.0 ± 0.03% and 1.4 ± 0.01 %). It was concluded that the histopatologic diagnosis showed a low frequency (0.47 ± 0.002%) of parasitic zoonosis; however, a high frequency exists in uveitis patients that attend the INO clinic (22.3 ± 0.02% ).Key words: parasitic zoonosis, uveitis, Institute of Ophthalmology, Public Health, ocular toxoplasmosis REsUMEl~El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de las zoonosis parasitarias con localización ocular diagnosticadas en el Instituto de Oftalmología (INO) perteneciente al Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) en Lima -Perú, en el periodo comprendido entre 1985 a 1999. En la primera parte del estudio se evaluaron los registros de 4,843 muestras histopatológicas, remitidas al Laboratorio de Patología Ocular entre los años 1985 y 1999, encontrándose que un 0.47 ± 0.002% (23 / 4,843) correspondieron a zoonosis parasitarias; donde las lesiones sugerentes de leishmaniosis, toxocariosis y cisticercosis oculares tuvieron una frecuencia de 34.8 ± 0.19%, 30.4 ± 0.19% y 17.4 ± 0.15% respectivamente. En la segunda parte del estudio, se evaluaron las fichas clínicas de 1,306 pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de U vea del mismo instituto entre los años 1988 y 1999