Une juriste, un médecin et un psychanalyste s’interrogent ici sur les dispositifs visant à encourager les dons d’organe en vue de greffes. Pour surmonter les difficultés éthiques du consentement présumé, il faut d’abord s’interroger sur la nature de ce prélèvement, improprement appelé « don », et sur la tentation d’héroïsation des « donneurs » qui transparaît dans la loi de 2004.
Summary : Acquiring the concept « same-not same » in pre-school children.
In the present experiment, we wished to find out whether a suitably-devised learning program could help to accelerate in pre-school children, the capacity to discriminate between « same » and « not same » in a manner which would imply some understanding of the concept of identity, as the term is usually used in normal adult logical thinking. The experiment was carried out wiih 2 matched groups of 23 subjects of 5;9 years.
There are 3 stages in the experiment : pre-testing, the intermediate stage, and post-testing. The intermediate stage consists either of 10 learning sessions for the experimental group, or 10 game-playing sessions in the case of the control group.
In the post test, subjects in experimental group show a significantly higher percentage of accurate responses than those in the control group. The results confirm that learning can improve the quality of judgement about identity.
Key words : learning, identity, pre-school children.
Avec l’allongement de l’espérance de vie, les problématiques de la fin de vie – et notamment celles du long vivre et du long mourir – ouvrent pour aujourd’hui et pour demain des questions essentielles, qui débordent largement la discussion sur l’euthanasie. Elles interpellent notre humanité en profondeur : peut-on prétendre y répondre par un simple article de loi ?
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