Habitat factors greatly affect the composition of the mangrove ecosystem. Changes in habitat quality
High human activity around the coastal area will affect the mangrove ecosystem and the biota such as macrobenthos. Benthic diversity can reflect conditions of mangrove ecosystem, that slow growth and sensitive to environmental changes. This study aims to determine the influence of biotic and abiotic environments on the macrobenthos in Cendi Manik Village, Sekotong District, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Data collection of macrobenthos, biotic and abiotic environments in natural and rehabilitation mangrove, then the diversity species of macrobenthos with biotic and abiotic environmental variables were analyzed multiple regression. The most dominant vegetations are Rhizophora mucronata Lam and Avicennia marina Forssk. The diversity index for macrobenthos is low (H’ 1,207) in natural and rehabilitation mangrove. Macrobenthos between two location have high similarity with 84,6%. The result of multiple regression test showed that most influencing of macrobenthos were mud thickness and brightness. Aktivitas manusia yang tinggi sekitar kawasan pesisir akan mempengaruhi ekosistem mangrove dan biota di dalamnya seperti makrobentos. Keanekaragaman bentos dapat mampu mencerminkan kondisi ekosistem mangrove, pertumbuhan yang lambat dan sensitif terhadap perubahan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan lingkungan biotik dan abiotik terhadap makrobentos yang ada di Desa Cendi Manik Kecamatan Sekotong Kabupaten Lombok Barat Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengumpulan data makrobentos, biotik dan abiotik lingkungan pada hutan mangrove alam dan rehabilitasi, kemudian keanekaragaman jenis makrobentos dengan variabel lingkungan biotik dan abiotik dianalisis regresi berganda. Jenis vegetasi yang paling mendominasi adalah jenis Rhizophora mucronata Lam dan Avicennia marina Forssk. Keanekaragaman jenis makrobentos termasuk dalam kategori rendah (H’ 1,207) di hutan mangrove alam dan rehabilitasi. Jenis makrobentos antara dua lokasi tersebut memiliki kemiripan yang tinggi yaitu 84,6 %. Uji regresi berganda diperoleh variabel lingkungan yang paling berpengaruh pada keanekaragaman jenis makrobentos adalah ketebalan lumpur dan kedalaman kecerahan air.
AbstrakKehadiran tumbuhan bawah pada hutan tanaman jati dapat memberikan dampak positif yaitu, menjadi sumber keragaman hayati, menciptakan iklim mikro di lantai hutan, menjaga tanah dari bahaya erosi, serta dapat memelihara kesuburan tanah. Namun keberadaannya seringkali dianggap sebagai kompetitor bagi tanaman yang dibudidayakan. Hutan Pangkuan Desa (HPD) Pitu telah dikelola secara intensif oleh masyarakat yang dilakukan baik di bawah maupun di luar tegakan sehingga diduga mempengaruhi kondisi ekosistem di kawasan tersebut baik terhadap kelimpahan tumbuhan bawah maupun kualitas kimia tanahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan bawah dan kualitas kimia tanah pada berbagai tipe penutupan lahan di HPD Pitu, BKPH Getas. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menempatkan petak kuadrat berukuran 1 m x 1 m sebanyak 5 petak pada setiap unit lahan secara random. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada 4 (empat) penutupan lahan yaitu hutan, semak, ladang, dan pemukiman didominasi oleh jenis yang berbeda tetapi komposisi komunitas pada hutan dan semak memiliki similaritas yang relatif tinggi. Kualitas kimia tanah pada berbagai penutupan lahan tidak berbeda secara signifikan. Aktivitas masyarakat yang tinggi pada berbagai penutupan lahan diduga menjadi penyebab rendahnya hara pada berbagai tipe penutupan. Kondisi keharaan yang miskin hara khususnya pada kawasan hutan tentu akan memengaruhi produktivitas tegakan jati yang merupakan tanaman pokok di kawasan tersebut. AbstractThe presence of undergrowth on teak plantations can have a positive impact i.e, a source of biodiversity, creating a microclimate on the forest floor, keeping the soil from the erosion, and can maintain soil fertility. On the other hand, its existence is often regarded as a competitor for cultivated plants. Hutan Pangkuan Desa (HPD) Pitu has been intensively managed by communities undertaken either below or outside the stand so that it is suspected to affect the ecosystem condition in the region both to the abundance of plants and quality of soil chemistry. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of undergrowth species and soil chemical qualities in various types of land cover in HPD Pitu, BKPH Getas. The observation was done by placing a 1 m x 1 m square plot of 5 plots on each unit of land. The results showed that 4 (four) land closures i.e forests, shrubs, dry farmland, and settlements were dominated by different species but the community composition in forests and shrubs had a relatively high similarity. The soil chemical quality at various land coverings did not differ significantly. High community activity in various land closures is thought to be the cause of low nutrients in various types of closure. The nutrient-poor condition of the forest, especially in the forest area, will affect the productivity of teak stands, which are the staple crops in the area.
Vegetasi yang tumbuh di hutan pantai memiliki potensi ekonomi yang tinggi, salah satunya disebabkan oleh tingginya zat bioaktif yang memiliki sifat farmakologis. Salah satu spesies yang memiliki potensi tinggi sebagai sumber obat alam yaitu Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi pemanfaatan I. pes-caprae di habitat alaminya yaitu di hutan pantai Kecamatan Petanahan, Kabupaten Kebumen. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan metode kuadrat ukuran 1 x 1 meter yang ditempatkan secara sistematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan yang paling dekat dengan pantai memiliki biomassa I. pes-caprae yang paling tinggi, yaitu dengan rata-rata sebesar 235,01 gr/m2. Sebaran spesies tersebut dibatasi oleh kompetisi dan naungan. Dalam bidang farmakologis kandungan fitokimia dalam ekstrak Ipomoea pes-caprae memiliki potensi yang tinggi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku obat. Namun ketersediaannya di hutan pantai Kecamatan Petanahan masih terbatas sehingga belum dapat dikembangkan untuk menjadi bahan baku obat alam. Potential Utilization of Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. in the Coastal Forest Petanahan Kebumen DistrictAbstractVegetation that grows in coastal forests has high economic potential, one of which is caused by the high bioactive substances that have pharmacological properties. One species that has high potential as a source of natural medicine is Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. This study aims to examine the potential use of I. pes-caprae in its natural habitat in the coastal forest of Petanahan District, Kebumen Regency. Observations were made using the 1 x 1 meter quadratic method which was placed systematically. The results showed that the area closest to the coast had the highest biomass I. pes-caprae, with an average of 235.01 gr/m2. The distribution of these species is limited by competition and shade. In the pharmacological field, the phytochemical content in Ipomoea pes-caprae extract has high potential to be developed as a drug raw material. But its availability in the coastal forests of Petanahan District is still limited so it cannot be developed to become raw material for natural medicine.
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