Hyperbranched polyether was synthesized and vinyl modified using the one-pot method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The as-obtained polyether was used to cross-link hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-based polyurethane (PU). The PU was characterized by FTIR, TGA, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle, tensile tests, and swelling properties. The PU was used in pervaporation (PV) recovery of butanol from its dilute aqueous solution. The PV performance was determined using the separation factor ( α) and permeate flux ( Fp). With a membrane thickness of 31 μm, the separation factor of the membrane was up to 10.2 with a total flux of 320.7 g m−2 h−1 at 70°C.

Since bacteriophages (phages) were firstly reported at the beginning of the 20th century, the study on them experiences booming-fading-emerging with discovery and overuse of antibiotics. Although they are the hotspots for therapy of antibiotic-resistant strains nowadays, natural phage applications encounter some challenges such as limited host range and bacterial resistance to phages. Synthetic biology, one of the most dramatic directions in the recent 20-years study of microbiology, has generated numerous methods and tools and has contributed a lot to understanding phage evolution, engineering modification, and controlling phage-bacteria interactions. In order to better modify and apply phages by using synthetic biology techniques in the future, in this review, we comprehensively introduce various strategies on engineering or modification of phage genome and rebooting of recombinant phages, summarize the recent researches and potential directions of phage synthetic biology, and outline the current application of engineered phages in practice.

Five novel deep eutectic ionic liquids were prepared from relatively simple quaternary ammonium salts and imidazole. All of these salts are liquids at room temperature, and are steady up to 150°C. They exhibit low viscosities and moderate conductivities at low temperature. Especially, Bu4NCl-IM is a green alternative solvent in Sonogashira reaction with good catalytic activity.

Based on the application in the system optimization of environmental problem, the solution procedures of dynamic programming are introduced. Combining with some typical problems, such as the shortest path problem, the optimum scheme problem of water treatment and the water resources allocation problem, reliability analyses of the solution procedures by LINGO software is processed. The results show that the LINGO software can effectively solve this kind of dynamic programming problem and is the effective tool to solve the environmental problems and resource problems.