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SUMMARY Doppler ultrasonic assessment of extracranial carotid occlusive disease has been modified to decrease the incidence of false positive and negative diagnoses. The technique, which assessed directional flow in the frontal artery and the influence of sequential compression of each temporal, infraorbital, facial and common carotid artery, was performed on 152 vessels visualized by contrast arteriography. Presence or absence of significant (> 50%) stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery was identified correctly in 150 vessels (98.7%). Inasmuch as the classic temporal artery compression test only detected 39 of the 61 abnormal Doppler studies (64%), the more complete examination is recommended for screening patients for significant carotid artery obstruction.

Summary.-The peripheral blood lymphocyte count has been measured in 74 cases of histologically proven carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. The count has been correlated with the pathological stage of tumour spread and the patient's delayed hypersensitivity response to 2.4 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). A statistically significant correlation was found between the peripheral blood lymphocyte count and the response to DNCB. There was linear association between the extent of spread of the tumours and the lymphocyte count. Those patients with low peripheral blood lymphocyte counts tended to have more advanced tumours and a poor response to DNCB. The possible causes of this lymphopenia are discussed.