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Three groups of synthetic lipids are chosen for studies: (1) 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) containing two cationic moieties and their analogues; (2) 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridones containing a cationic moiety; and (3) acyclic, open-chain analogues, i.e., 2-amino-3-alkoxycarbonylalkylammonium derivatives. 1,4-DHPs possessing dodecyl alkyl chains in the ester groups in positions 3 and 5 and cationic nitrogen-containing groups in positions 2 and 6 have high cytotoxicity in cancer cells HT-1080 (human lung fibrosarcoma) and MH-22A (mouse hepatoma), but low cytotoxicity in the noncancerous NIH3T3 cells (mouse embryonic fibroblast). On the contrary, similar compounds having short (methyl, ethyl, or propoxyethyl) chains in the ester groups in positions 3 and 5 lack cytotoxicity in the cancer cells HT-1080 and MH-22A even at high doses. Inclusion of fluorine atoms in the alkyl chains in positions 3 and 5 of the DHP cycle decreases the cytotoxicity of the mentioned compounds. Structurally related dihydropyridones with a polar head group are substantially more toxic to normal and cancerous cells than the DHP analogues. Open-chain analogues of DHP lipids comprise the same conjugated aminovinylcarbonyl moiety and possess anticancer activity, but they also have high basal cytotoxicity. Electrochemical oxidation data demonstrate that oxidation potentials of selected compounds are in the range of 1.6–1.7 V for cationic 1,4-DHP, 2.0–2.4 V for cationic 3,4-dihydropyridones, and 1.2–1.5 V for 2-amino-3-alkoxycarbonylalkylammonium derivatives. Furthermore, the tested cationic 1,4-DHP amphiphiles possess antiradical activity. Molecular topological polar surface area values for the tested compounds were defined in accordance with the main fragments of compound structures. The determined log P values were highest for dodecyl ester groups in positions 3 and 5 of the 1,4-DHP and lowest for short alkyl chain-containing amphiphiles.

Auf der Basis von Modellsystemen (thermische Autoxidation der Ester von ungesattigten Fettsauren) wurde die Antioxidationsaktivitat (AOA) der 3,5-Dicarbonylderivate des 2,6-Dirnethyl-1,4-dihydropyridins bewiesen. Bei den Verbindungen, die in Position 4 nicht substituiert sind, ist die AOA nicht linear abhkgig von der Konzentration der Verbindung und hat bei der Konzentration 7.5. MOM ihren Maximalwert.

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Pyridine derivatives Pyridine derivatives R 0380Synthesis and Antiradical Activity of 5-Acetyl-2-alkylthio-4-aryl-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic Acid Nitriles. -A variety of new title 2-alkylthiopyridine derivatives such as (V) are synthesized by simple alkylation of corresponding thiones or a four component condensation of aromatic aldehydes with cyanothioacetamide, acetylacetone and methyl iodide. Product (Va) with two hydroxyl groups in the 4-phenyl substituent shows high antiradical activity comparable with the activity of the standard antioxidant trolox. -(TIRZITE, D.; KRAUZE, A.; ZUBAREVA, A.; TIRZITIS, G.; DUBURS, G.; Chem. Heterocycl.