Obesity is described in terms of body fat percentage or body mass index (BMI), despite the fact that these measures do not give full insight about the body fat distribution. It is presently a consistently growing universal challenge since it has tripled in the last 10 years, killing approximately 28 million people each year. In this review, we aim to clarify the different results of obesity on the working and physiology of the cardiovascular system and to reveal changes in the obesity "paradox"-a variety of cardiovascular outcomes in typical/overweight people. Central fat build-up in ordinary/overweight populaces has been related to expanded occurrences of myocardial infarction, heart failure, or all-cause mortality when contrasted with the obese populace. These discoveries are additionally clarified as the abundance and prolonged vulnerability to free fatty acids (FFAs) in obesity. This has been believed to cause the myocardial substrate to move from glucose to FFAs digestion, which causes lipid gathering in cardiomyocytes, spilling over to other lean tissues, and prompting a general atherogenic impact. This cardiomyocyte lipid aggregation has been demonstrated to cause insulin resistance and cardiovascular hypertrophy, and to lessen the heart functions in general. There is a proof backing the fact that fat tissue is not only an energy reservoir, it also coordinates hormones and proinflammatory cytokines and deals with the energy transition of the body by putting away abundant lipids in diverse tissues.

A population based hybrid design combining element ofcohort and cross-sectional approach was used to develop a simple clinical algorithm to predict individual probability of developing hypertension (systolic BP > 140 mm lis and lor diastolic BP > 90 mmHg). 3615 soldiel'5 initially normotensive at the time of induction into high altitude, were studied by systematic random sampling. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a high significant association between hypertension and age, body mass index (BMI), tobac:c:o smoking and alcohol consumption. Using the constant/coefficient values obtained from the logistic model and the receiver operating charaderistic:s (ROC) curve analysis, the following predictive rule was developed -"To the agein yean, add (BMix 3.86); also add 5.53 if he is a smoker; and add 19.81 ifhe consumes alcohol. Ifthe total exceeds 143, the individual is at high risk ofdeveloping hypertension. This algorithm carries a sensitivity of68.3% and specificity of 78.5%. ; 50: 175-180 MJAFll994